Indian Holocaust My Father`s Life and Time - Two Hundred ELEVEN
Palash Biswas
http://indianholocaustmyfatherslifeandtime.blogspot.com/
Marathi not at cost of nation's unity: RSS chief
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The states reorganization commission in 1955 gave a blueprint for the formation of states on linguistic lines. I was a student in Delhi in 1955, and K.M. Panikkar, a member of the commission, noted historian and later ambassador to China, came to tal... | Read..
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q+a Sometime ago you wrote about telephone line noise interfering with the download speed. Can you tell me how I can measure the line noise? Also, what is the acceptable limit for a decent connection? ... | 
बाल ठाकरे ने सामना में तेंदुलकर को लताड़ा
सचिन का बयान भारत की एकता में होगा सहायक: चव्हाण
Shoot at sight order in Mizoram border area
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Aizawl: Shoot at sight orders were today issued to control arson at Bru villages in Bungthuam area near the border of Tripura, following the killing of a Mizo youth by suspected Bru militants, even as seven persons were arrested in the case.
"Shoot-at-sight order has been issued to bring the situation under control," Mizoram home minister R Lalzirliana told reporters here.
According to police, seven persons had been arrested for the arson. Altogether 43 bamboo huts belonging to Brus were torched yesterday at Sarali village in the area taking the total number since Friday to 399 in 9 villages.
The houses of 43 Mizos were also burnt, they said.
The trouble began on Friday when 18-year-old Zarzokima, a resident of Bungthuam was gunned down by Bru National Army militants.
"The recent cases of arson in the wake of a Mizo youth's killing is un-Christian and un-Mizo. We must keep calm and peace at this hour of crisis," Lalzirliana said in a statement
here.
"If we condemn the killing of the innocent youth why should we retaliate against the innocent people who belong to the same community and have nothing to do with the killing?" he asked.
Maharashtra, November 16 (ANI): PepsiCo India, the country's leading food and beverage company on Sunday announced the construction of 13 check dams and 100 recharge ponds at Wahegaon village in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra. With this, PepsiCo India has created a recharge potential of more than 700 million litres of water.
Sena faces Sach ka Saamna from viewers
MSN India viewers have slammed the Shiv Sena for the comments on master blaster Sachin Tendulkar. Reactions have been pouring in in favour of Sachin whose `fault,' according to Sena, was to proclaim that he was an Indian first.
One viewer posted his comment saying "It is nice to see celebrities take a stand on being an Indian first."
Another user says: "We don't need Pakistan or China to split our country, just few more people like Thackeray will do it for them."
User Prakash123 compliments Thackeray, albeit in a sarcastic manner, "Congratulations to Bal Thackeray and his clan. There is nothing more anti-national than the statements made by the Supremo. This is my country India, i can stay anywhere i want to , i can go anywhere i want, its nobody's damn business to tell me that Bombay is only for marathi people."
Some users have although taken Thackeray's side. Sumit Mankar says,"Shiv Sena are Maharashtra's guardians." And a user who calls himself Raj_fan defends Balasaheb And then goes on to blame 'Saamna' Executive Editor Sanjay Raut,"The news in 'Saamna' is not written by Balasaheb! he never writes directly in Sena's news paper. It is written by Mr. Sanjay Raut, who is spreading wrong publicity for Balasaheb".
Discuss: Is Sena fair in criticising Sachin Tendulkar?
Some of our users want the government to intervene. "I don't know why the government is not reacting and taking a step against these people who are trying to create tension and division in the country?", says Arpit.
Sachin Tendulkar, man in black, seemed like lamb to slaughter on Friday afternoon.
Tendulkar first played for India 20 years ago - on November 15, 1989. Big round figures, preferably divisible by 5, make all of deliriously happy, and Tendulkar is happy, and he knows he'll make a lot of people happy by simply chatting with them.
That's the reason that the media interaction that was supposed to be cozy to intimate has turned chaotic and noisy; Tendulkar didn't have the heart to turn away mediapersons who simply dropped in when they heard that the big man was going to chat. "He said he just cannot turn people away, certainly not today," says an anxious Sangeeta Kuriakos, managing the event for World Sports Group.
Tendulkar wore black - black jeans, black shirt, shiny black shoes which more informed viewers thought were Italian. He wore a black belt with a big, flashy silver buckle that sported what seemed to look like a skull.
The media, as always and like everyone, wants a piece of him, and Tendulkar knows it's part of the deal. He went through the inquisition with immeasurable, saint-like patience. He was asked the same questions ten times by different reporters, and by different TV crews. We grew to feel sorry for him. He spoke for hours, and, it seemed, with eagerness - it seemed that he didn't want to cause anyone to be disappointed that he wasn't candid or excited in the "exclusive" chat with his or her news organisation. It seemed he was trying to ensure that everyone went away happy, trying to ensure that everyone got something exclusive, even if it was just a tiny bit of information, emotion or even gesture.
Some of us sat through many of the interviews. I heard Tendulkar talk about his first Test innings about 10 times. "I felt was totally out of place," the master said exclusively, 10 times to 10 reporters separately.
Another 10 times, with passion drawn from I don't know where, Tendulkar said: "I got some great advice, you know. The general feeling was that I was playing too many shots."
"I was told that I had to work hard, hang in, for the first 15 minutes, and things would change," Tendulkar said with a twinkle in his eye each time.
Coffee was brought in, tea was brought in, water was brought in. Tendulkar looked at his watch, looked at the harried looking journalists who were in for a word or two from the bosses for not getting an exclusive. Maybe he knew what folks might feel after waiting for hours going away without him telling them his story exclusively. Tendulkar stood up, stretched his legs, walked about the small hall, and then he sat down, saying: "All right, let's do it."
He tried and managed to make everyone he talked with feel special. (He told me: "I can't write like you", though I'm quite certain he'd be much better at it if he wanted or tried.)
So, what was the turning point in his career?
As I wearily walked out of the room, feeling sorry for the great little man, I heard him say with warmth and even thrill: "My innings of 58 or 59 odd in the second Test. I'd decided that I was not going to go off the park. I was going to fight it out..."
And so the story went, and so the master went on as the evening went.
Sachin Tendulkar is ATTACKED with MARATHA MANUSH Ring Tone!
Sachin Tendulkar should 'keep off the political pitch' for his own well-being, Shiv Sena chief Bal Thackeray said Monday in response to the cricket maestro's comments last week that 'Mumbai belongs to all'.
Why? I am Maratha Manush as much as the THAKREYS are!
Does SHIVSENA Care Enough for the Legacy of Chhatrapati Shivaji and Shmabhaji Maharaj?
BEFORE SITTING ON MY pc TO COMPOSE THESE LINES, MAJOR BARVE called me from Mumabai and informed that the Tribal Women are well set to Oppose the SEZ Drive and they would DEMONSTRATE in the heart of Mumbai. But he is upset that the Mulnivasi Krmacharisangh is not ready for any agitation. Major Barve wondered that the tribal women understand the economy but our educated employed people do not understand even after so much ground work! So much Mobilisation!
It is not strange! The Aboriginal Tribes are fighting and sustaining themselves, holding arms against the Foreigners since Mohanjodoro Harappa days. Resistance is in their blood and they understand a COMPLEX Maoist Ideology also.
I told the Major,` simply because , our educated employed People do not want to understand anything which would compel them taking a stance and putting on stake what little they have got, over achieved! Only the HAVE NOTS may dare to resist as they resist to EXIST. They may not be Captured nor CO OPTED.'
`How Baba Saheb managed to unite them/'
`Baba saheb failed to unite them. The OBCs joined Gandhi. ST people were never Addressed to and Nehru planned to destroy them. Only the MAHARS and Namoshudras in Bengal were behind Baba saheb and mind you, ther was no RESERVATION, NO CO OPTION, No Minister, NO MP, No MLA, NO Pradhan, NO IAS, NO Doctor, No Engineer! We were not empowered. We had to follow Baba saheb to achieve something and in fact we OVER ACHIEVED due to Dr BR AMBEDKAR. Thus, we are so OBSTINATE, so RELUCTANT Not to understand anything!'I EXPLAINED.
Maratha Manush is also BLINDED as we Indians are also MARATHA Manush in the same sense and the Victims of either Nationalism or ETNO Nationalism to indulge in SELF Destruction! We tend to engage ourselves in CIVIL War and would never IDENTIFY the Common ENEMY who need not to fight at all. The Enemy has Captured every thing and MARATHWADA is just sleeping and dreaming in the wrong way bleeding itself!
Let me Clear it that I have Nothing to say against the Indigenous Aboriginal Maratha Manush! I understand the causes and logic for the ETHNO Nationalism Aroused in Maharashtra! I also know that the Maratha Manush id DEPRIVED, Persecuted and suffer most from Inequality and Injustice. Maratha Manush is CHOSEN for Mercy less Slaughter. Moreover I Never Intend to pit Indian nationality sentiment against the Maratha nationalism or identity. Since I had always been supporting Nationality Movements Countrywide and had been directly Involved in UttarakhandJharkhand and Chhattishgarh Movements, I dare not to say that the Maratha Manush has every right to have livelihood opportunity in Maratha geopolitics on topmost Priority which is denied by National Brahaminical Zionist Hegemony. Most amusing is the story as Ironically, the self styled Spokespersons and representatives of the Maratha Manush Identity have aligned with the Killers` Regiment, the Brahamincal system departing from the Sovereign Chhatrapati Shivaji and Shmbhaji Maharaj Legacy!
Maratha Manush does Never root in PESHWA Raj, I hope, BThakre would Agree. Shivajee Maharaj originated in OBC, SHUDRA roots for which the Chit pavan Brahmins refused to recognise him as KING!Maratha identity again roots in Marthwada! Which is again a SHUDRA Land. Bal Thakre is behaving as Ms Mamata Banerjee DITTO. Being Brahamin and representing the Killer`s Hegemony Mamata is tagged as MATUA hijacking the legacy of Matua Chandal Peasant Movements altogether. Only last day, she went on walking to Baba Taraknath Dham on the same route which is taken by DEVOTEES to shower water on Baba Taraknath`s head. She is just trying to get hold of a favourable Vote Bank in the red Citadel! Supporting RSS, BJP and Hindutva, how the Thakrays dare to claim the leadership of the Maratha Manush. This nust be raised as a Valid point. Did Bal Ganaga Dhar Tilak and Sardar Ballabh Bhai Patel ever favoured the causes of Maratha Manush? They were just Committed to GANDHI`s cause for Brahamin Bania Raj which suits better to PUNE Chitpawan Brahmins and Vijoy Tendulkar has Exposed them very well in Maratha Play. Tilak died with the dream of RAM Rajya which was up against the Marath Manush. Sardar was COOPTED in Nehru Regime to kill the Maratha Manush. Maratha Manush is deprived just because of this Brahamin Bania Raj, INDIA INCS EXTRA Constitutional RULE! Being a part of the Ruling Hegemony, how VALID remains Thakrays claim to represent the MARATHA Manush, we must reconsider!
While brick bats rained from all sides for Shiv Sena supremo Bal Thackeray's criticism of Master Blaster Sachin Tendulkar, Sena's old ally the BJP chose to stay away from the entire Sena vs Sachin issue, with the party saying he had yet to read Thackeray's editorial.
However, the Congress and RJD were quick to slam the Shiv Sena supremo Thackeray on Monday (November 16) for criticising Sachin's 'I'm an Indian' remark, even as the Sena itself dug in its heels and came out in defence of its chief saying he had the right to defend the pride of the 'Marathi Manoos'.
National spokesperson for the Congress, Abhishek Manu Singhvi, said that Bal Thackeray should be the last person preaching to Sachin Tendulkar and that the words 'gentleman' and 'cricket' did not exist in Thackeray's dictionary.
Singhvi said, "I am not surprised. Cricket is gentleman's game. The words 'gentleman' and 'cricket' do not exist in Bal Thackeray's dictionary. Bal Thackeray should be the last person preaching to Tendulkar. It's time country stood up against this cheap rowdism and intimidation of national icon like Tendulkar."
Minister of State for External Affairs, Shashi Tharoor, addressed the Thackeray issue on the social networking site 'Twitter', quoting his late father Chandran Tharoor who had said in 1966: "With Maharashtra for Maharashtrians and Kashmir for Kashmiris, where is India for Indians?"
"Are you asking me if I like Balasaheb Thackeray more, or Sachin Tendulkar? I like Sachin more. He has clean bowled out Thackeray, now Thackeray may cry over it but he can't do much else," said Congress leader Salman Khursheed.
Meanwhile Chief Minister Ashok Chavan came out in strong defence of Sachin Tendulkar, saying the master blaster had spoken from the bottom of his heart and that his statement will unite the country. The chief minister said "Sachin's statement has been made in true sportsman spirit. Though he is a Maharashtrian, he plays for the country. This (Tendulkar's remark) will unite the entire country," Chavan said. "I fully agree with him (Sachin). People will not support Shiv Sena's political game," he said.
Rashtriya Janata Dal chief and known Sena-baiter, Lalu Prasad Yadav said Thackeray had fallen into a habit of making chauvinistic remarks adding that Sachin was unnecessarily being made a target. "Why should one react to all the thackerays of the world every time they make a comment?" asked Lalu rhetorically, adding "Sachin is a good man."
Bihar chief minister Nitish Kumar also batted for Sachin saying the country respected Maharashtrians and Marathi culture, but that people like Thackeray had a narrow-mindedness which was regressive. "Such people damage themselves and their country," said Nitish Kumar, and lauded Sachin Tendulkar for his comment on 'I'm an Indian first'. "Tendulkar's stature has grown more after this statement that he is an Indian first," said Nitish Kumar in open challenge to Thackeray. "You see what happened to the Sena in Maharashtra (assembly election debacle), which has resulted in them stooping to such lows. Now Bal Thackeray has become 'Super Bal Thackeray'," the Bihar CM noted sarcastically.
CPM Politburo member Brinda Karat also supported Sachin Tendulkar saying as a citizen he had the right to express his views. "Sachin as a citizen has the right to make a comment on anything. A very large majority of people living in Mumbai believe that Mumbai belongs to the whole of India. It is Bal Thackeray and the Sena who are isolated on in this," she said.
In stark contrast, the Sena's own ally the BJP refused to be dragged in to the controversy, party spokesperson Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi said he had not read the whole article attributed to Balasaheb in Samna newspaper. "I cannot say who is in the wrong when I have not read the article," he said.
So who will the BJP eventually decide to support, its old ally or an international sports icon with impeccable credentials? Both choices come with their own disadvantages. Party sources said while the BJP was desperate not have to take sides over this regional issue, there were some who were perplexed on why Thackeray had picked such a patently uncontroversial person like Tendulkar as a target.
It is not just politicians; the sports fraternity has also come out in support of Sachin Tendulkar saying it was unfair to drag an international and national sports icon into politics. "Sachin has done a lot for our country and is one of India's greatest ambassadors. They should just leave him alone," said a visibly upset former cricketer Kiran More. Former athlete Milkha Singh said sports should be kept away from politics. "What he has said is very right, India always comes first in sports. Every player always plays for his country first," Singh told TIMES NOW.
In a signed, open letter to the cricketer published in the Shiv Sena mouthpiece Saamna, Thackeray has given 'a friendly advice' to Tendulkar and asked him to stay away from politics for 'his own well-being'.
Thackeray has taken serious umbrage to the cricket legend's statement last week that 'he was an Indian first and Marathi too, but Mumbai belongs to all'.
'You are free to hit fours and sixers on the cricket field, but keep off the political pitch,' Thackeray said.
Hitting out at Tendulkar - who grew up in Thackeray's neighbourhood in Bandra East and learnt his first cricket lessons there - the Sena chief said the cricketer had become a billionaire and made a name for himself in the world because of his great skills.
'Nobody grudges you all this, in fact it makes them feel proud. But when you speak politics like this you tear the hearts of Maharashtrians,' he held.
Chiding Tendulkar, Thackeray asked him what made him utter the 'single cheeky' (a quickie single run) of politics while expressing his pride at being a Maharashtrian before the media last week.
'With that one statement, you became 'run out' in the pitch of Marathi minds,' he pointed out.
Delivering a crash course in history to the cricketer, Thackeray pointed out that when Mumbai was won for Maharashtra 'with a lot of struggle and the supreme sacrifice of 105 people, Tendulkar was not even born'.
According to Thackeray, cricketers may talk lofty things about the country, but ultimately play only for themselves.
'Do cricketers (like you) ever bother about the problems confronting the country, the inflation, slums proliferation in Mumbai, the influx of people from Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Bangladeshi Muslims?' Thackeray demanded.
The Sena supremo signed off with 'a friendly advice, in your own interest' to keep off politics.
Balasaheb has every right to criticize Sachin: Shiv Sena
Hours after the Board of Cricket Control in India (BCCI) stood behind Sachin Tendulkar for his 'I am an Indian first' statement, Shiv Sena said that its chief Balasaheb Thackeray has every right to criticize the master blaster.Earlier in the day, an editorial attributing to Thackeray in the Shiv Sena mouthpiece 'Samna,' asked Sachin to concentrate on cricket and not on politics.
Defending Thackeray in a pres conference here Samna Executive Editor Sanjay Raut said: "The views stated by Balasaheb Thackeray are very clear. We at Shiv Sena also think that country comes first. That is why we always say ''Jai Hind, Jai Maharashtra''. But Shiv Sena has every right to speak on the issue of Maharashtra and being Maharashtrian."
"The BCCI should read the whole article. If he does want to, we will send it to him in Marathi. Then he will know realize," Raut added.
He however clarified that the Shiv Sena did not wish to demean Sachin.
"Sachin's father was a great Marathi litterateur and a poet. He also championed many causes of Maharashtrians. But that is a different issue. We are not trying to demean Sachin. Balasaheb Thackeray has great regard for him," Raut said.
Earlier, commenting on the ''Marathi Manoos' issue Sachin had stated that he was proud to be a Maharashtrian but saw himself as "an Indian" first.
Thackeray in his article asked Sachin to concentrate on his batting instead of playing politics, claiming that his comment has hurt the sentiments of the Marathi Manoos.
Meanwhile, commenting on the uproar, former cricketer Kiran More who is also hailing from the state said: "It's very sad that Shiv Sena are involving Sachin in politics. He never meant it that way. I think we should respect Sachin, he has done so much for our country."
More also urged all the parties not to take any political mileage out of it.
"Sachin is a very clean and private person and an ambassador of our country. So just leave him alone. Why to even get into any debate over it? We all agree with what he has said," More added.
Taj Corridor: SC Refuses to Quash PIL Against Maya
The Supreme Court today rejected Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Mayawati's plea for quashing a PIL filed against her in the Taj corridor scandal which had involved construction of a massive shopping mall and recreational centres near the world famous monument.
She had sought quashing of the PIL in the Allahabad High Court claiming that opposition parties could try to destabilise her government on the issue.
A bench of Justices B S Sirpurkar and B Sudershan Reddy asked the Uttar Pradesh government to approach the High Court on the issue of maintainability of the PIL.
"What the opposition is going to demand to destabilise the government, we are not bothered," the court said.
The observation of the judges came when senior counsel K K Venugopal submitted that the PIL had the propensity to destabilise the government.
He pleaded that if the PIL was allowed to be heard, it would only give the opposition an excuse to demand her government's resignation.
"Destabilisation, why should we go into all those things?" the bench asked.
The court was also not impressed with the UP government's argument that the case was politically motivated as it claimed that four other similar petitions on the same issue were earlier dismissed by the apex court.
The judges while saying that they found no reason to interfere in the matter, granted liberty to the UP government to raise its arguments before the High Court.
The Mayawati government had filed the appeal challenging the Allahabad HC decision to admit a PIL filed by Kamlesh Verma and two others challenging the refusal of the then state Governor T V Rajeswar to grant sanction to the CBI to prosecute Mayawati in the alleged scandal.
The Taj Corridor scandal relates to certain sanctions for grant to construct a massive shopping mall and other recreation centres in the Taj corridor at a huge public cost by bending several rules and regulations.
| 'India should build asymmetric warfare capabilities' | |||||||||||||||||||
| 16 Nov 2009, 1838 hrs IST | |||||||||||||||||||
| With gaps in the military capabilities of India and China growing, Defence Minister AK Antony on Monday (November 16) said the country should "build" asymmetric warfare capabilities to counter threats from larger armed forces. "We (Indians) need to conceptualize and build asymmetric capabilities against superior forces," Antony told the first Consultative Committee meeting of new Members of Parliament attached to the Defence Ministry, which dwelt on the Indian Air Force (IAF) strengths and weaknesses, in New Delhi. He said the government's endeavours were aimed at ensuring the IAF's capabilities are in consonance with India's stature, aspirations and threat perceptions, and it was taking a series of steps to develop the IAF into a "dominant aerospace power." The Defence Minister said the steps included enhancing significantly the strategic reach of IAF to operate effectively far away from the Indian mainland and integrating potent capabilities in terms of space-based assets, air defence, surveillance, modern aircraft and advanced weapon systems. Referring to the perspective plans of the Armed Forces, he said the gestation period for induction of new equipment was long and, therefore, there should be clarity in strategic assessments and projection of requirements. "We need to hasten our procurements to prevent voids in defence preparedness," he added. Antony said efforts are also being made in the Defence Ministry and its various wings to ensure that the country reached the level of developed countries in defence technologies, without going through all the intermediate steps. "In our drive for modernisation and in execution of our daily tasks, we must be ever mindful of economy and avoid waste or duplication. We must lend our shoulders to indigenisation and think of ways in which we can reach the level of advanced states without necessarily following all the intermediate steps," he said. Antony informed the members that IAF was in the process of considerable transformation and modernisation. Giving an account of various projects, he said the 'Hawk' Advanced Jet Trainers had already been inducted into the IAF, the inter-governmental agreements on the Fifth General Fighter Aircraft and Multi-role Transport Aircraft had been inked with the Russians, and the evaluation process for the selection of 126 Medium Multi-Role Combat Aircraft was on. The Members of Parliament, appreciating the IAF's role over the years in not only protecting the country but also providing humanitarian relief during natural disasters, wanted to know its road map for the next 10-20 years to meet the security challenges. Some members expressed their concern over cases of corruption in acquisition process and under-utilisation of funds earmarked for capital acquisition.
http://www.timesnow.tv/India-should-build-asymmetric-warfare-capabilities-Antony/articleshow/4332226.cms |
Posters against Raj Thackeray come up in city
URAT: The diamond city, known for its cosmopolitan population and culture, has felt the impact of the campaign in Mumbai by Raj Thackeray's| |
Walls of many government offices, namely Surat district court, Surat district collectorate and buildings in their vicinity on Wednesday had posters flaying MNS supremo Raj Thackeray for his ideology. The posters said leaders like Thackeray caused great harm to the integrity of the country and criticized him for creating differences among the people on the basis of their mother tongue and religion.
The posters were reportedly published by Rahul Singh alias Prashant and Sudhakar Singh alias Savant of Hindu Vahini Sena.
The police have a lodged a complaint in this connection. "We have lodged a non-cognizable offence against the publishers and they will be questioned," said police inspector, Athwa police station, MS Shaikh.
RSS chief mocks Raj Thackeray
Stands for unity in diversity
RSS chief Mohan Bhagwat took a nasty swipe at Maharashtra Navanirman Chief Raj Thackeray today as he rubbished the latter's stance to divide Indians based on language.
The RSS chief cleverly did not name Raj Thackeray or his party but made some pretty obvious references, saying that regional issues are being brought up in order to gain attention and publicity and in turn, votes. "All Indian languages are our languages. Regional issues are being flared up by politicians only to increase their vote-bank." Bhawgat said.
Bhagwat went on to add that 'such politicians' but add to the woes in a country so diverse and that social unity gets knocked about due to such extreme positions. According to Bhagwat, the only thing politicians are interested in is to grab as many eyeballs as possible and exploit the situation for their own good. The RSS chief stated that the party stands for unity of the people and that it respects its diversities. He also emphasized on Hindutva that could unite people. "The world today is faced with serious problems and only Hindutva can provide answers to these problems. It's Hindutva which believes in the world as one family," he added. Hindutva, he said, was the identity of the country.
A day ago the Raj Thackeray-led Maharashtra Navanirman Sena had ordered the bank to employ only the local Marathi people. "We have written a letter to SBI administration demanding consideration of locals on priority for 1,100 clerical posts announced by them," MNS General Secretary Shirish Parkar had said.
"SBI is holding an entrance exam on Sunday in the city and the administration has assured the MNS they will speak to the authorities concerned in Delhi regarding our demand," he claimed. "About 1.5 lakh applications were received by SBI and 70 per cent are outsiders. The posts are local and Marathi people should get priority for that," Parkar added.
Maharashtrians in UP slam anti-rajbhasha campaign
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Lucknow: At a time when Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) chief Raj Thackeray is harping on rabid regionalism to trigger hatred against Hindi and Hindi-speaking people, a group of Marathi intellectuals and academicians is spreading the message of brotherhood and respect for the rajbhasha.
"Raj Thackeray's campaign against Hindi is a major embarrassment for us," Dr Ranjana Vaishampayan, who hails from Konkan and teaches Hindi at Lucknow University, says.
"We have never been discriminated against in UP [Uttar Pradesh] or anywhere [else] in north India... MNS is after cheap publicity," Vaishampayan, who did her MA and PhD in Hindi from Banaras Hindu University, says.
Padmini Natu, a lecturer of Sanskrit at Nari Shiksha Niketan Post-Graduate College for Girls in Lucknow, agrees.
Referring to the "shameful" Abu Azmi episode in the Vidhan Sabha recently, she says: "Raj Thackeray's campaign against Hindi should be treated as an anti-national activity. I want to ask MNS supporters, will they forego attractive job offers in UP or any other north Indian state? Can they tell Amitabh Bachchan to leave Mumbai? I am proud to be Marathi, but pride should not breed arrogance or regional chauvinism."
Natu and Vaishampayan, mobilising opinion against linguistic hatred, may yet be voices in the wilderness, but they are getting steady support. "Hindi is our rajbhasha. Insulting it is equal to insulting the Tricolour or the nation itself," AS Kumar, who teaches the language at Lucknow University, says.
Incidentally, Kumar hails from Tamil Nadu, which witnessed violent anti-Hindi protests in the '60s, when there was a move to declare it the national language. "All Indians are equal and there can be no linguistic discrimination," he asserts.
Hindi and Marathi litterateurs and journalists have also started reacting strongly to the spread of anti-Hindi venom by Raj Thackeray and MNS.
"The economic development of Maharashtra is completely dependent on Hindi. Taking away Hindi will break the economic backbone of the state," famous Marathi writer Ravindra Kaliya says.
Renowned Hindi author and editor of Hans magazine Rajendra Yadav reacts equally strongly as he says: "The episode in the Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha was shameful... people indulging in such acts should remember that it was a Marathi-speaking Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar who said only Hindi can be our national language... these views find mention in our Constitution."
Senior journalist Arvind Chaturvedi says, "People like Raj Thackeray have perhaps forgotten that the most prestigious award in the Hindi film industry is in the name of Dadasaheb Phalke. Lata Mangeshkar and Asha Bhosle have become world-famous singing Hindi songs... the anti-Hindi campaign is nothing but madness."
A retired officer from Maharashtra who has settled in Lucknow says: "It's indeed a great relief that despite such strong feelings, there has been no similar reaction against Marathis anywhere in north India."
http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report_maharashtrians-in-up-slam-anti-rajbhasha-campaign_1312139
Farooq Abdullah critical of Jamiat resolution on Vande Mataram
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New Delhi: Union minister Farooq Abdullah has criticised the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind for its recent resolution asking Muslims not to recite Vande Mataram. "The fatwa against Vande Mataram is ridiculous," he said at a book launch function here last night.
"People who cannot recognise their mother cannot recognise their god," he said, adding "the song lifted spirits of lakhs of Indians during the Independence struggle." Abdullah, who was the chief guest at the function where veteran poet Khalish Dehlavi's anthology of Urdu couplets was released, also shared with the audience his knowledge of the language.
"Urdu is the language of Indians. It is sad that fingers are sometimes pointed that this language is only for Muslims," he said. The National Conference patron also chose the occasion to recite a couplet composed by him.
Nuclear installations put on high alert
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Press Trust of India
Posted: Nov 16, 2009 at 1706 hrs IST
New Delhi Nuclear installations across the country have been put on high alert as it has been found that David Headley, a US citizen arrested by FBI on terror charges, had visited some states having atomic installations.
Sources in the Home Ministry said on Monday that all the state governments having nuclear plants have been asked to step up patrolling and vigil around the facilities as a precautionary measures.
They said that Headley, accused of plotting terror attacks in India on behalf of Pakistan-based LeT, had visited Gujarat, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh - all having crucial nuclear installations - raising suspicion that nuclear facilities could be on the radar of the terrorists.
"The step is precautionary in nature. The states have been asked to increase the vigil and patrolling to thwart any sabotage attempt aimed at these vital facilities," a Home Ministry official said.
There are six major nuclear energy plants operational in the country- Narora in Uttar Pardesh, Kaiga in Karnataka, Tarapur in Maharashtra, Kalpakkam in Tamil Nadu, Kakrapar in Gujarat and Kota in Rajasthan, besides several other research and development centres like Bhabha Atomic Research Centre in Trombay. (PTI)
Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh - all having crucial nuclear installations - raising suspicion that nuclear facilities could be on the radar of the terrorists.
"The step is precautionary in nature. The states have been asked to increase the vigil and patrolling to thwart any sabotage attempt aimed at these vital facilities," a Home Ministry official said.
There are six major nuclear energy plants operational in the country- Narora in Uttar Pardesh, Kaiga in Karnataka, Tarapur in Maharashtra, Kalpakkam in Tamil Nadu, Kakrapar in Gujarat and Kota in Rajasthan, besides several other research and development centres like Bhabha Atomic Research Centre in Trombay. (PTI)
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कोहरे की चादर में लिपटी दिल्लीयाहू! भारत - 6 hours ago नई दिल्ली। दिल्ली वालों को सोमवार सुबह धुंध का सामना करना पड़ा। वहीं शहर में न्यूनतम तापमान 16 डिग्री सेल्सियस दर्ज किया गया। सुबह में कोहरे की पतली चादर ने दिल्ली को लपेट रखा था। लेकिन इसके कारण किसी विमान के बाधित होने की कोई खबर नहीं है। पिछले सप्ताह दिल्ली का न्यूनतम और अधिकतम तापमान क्रमश:14 और 28 डिग्री सेल्सियस के बीच था। सच का सामना नहीं कर पाया विकासयाहू! भारत - Nov 12, 2009 झारखंड के पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री मधु कोड़ा मामले में आरोपी विनोद सिन्हा का भाई विकास सिन्हा सच का सामना नहीं कर सका। छापे में बरामद दस्तावेजों और रांची से आए दो वरिष्ठ आयकर अधिकारियों की मौजूदगी में हुई प्रवर्तन निदेशालय [ईडी] की पूछताछ में वह टूट गया। उसने ईडी अधिकारियों के सामने स्वीकार किया कि झारखंड के पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री मधु कोड़ा से उसके भाई विनोद सिन्हा के नजदीकी रिश्ते थे। खदानों के लाइसेंस देने को लेकर संबंधित ... चकमा देकर फरार हुए मधु कोड़ा That's Hindi मधु कोड़ा रांची के घर से 'लापता' नवभारत टाइम्स कोड़ा के दो सहयोगियों के खिलाफ गिरफ्तारी वारंट जारी हिन्दुस्तान दैनिक जोकोविक ने जीता पेरिस मास्टर्स का खिताबएनडीटीवी खबर - 4 hours ago जोकोविक ने पहला सेट आसानी से जीत लिया, लेकिन दूसरे सेट में उन्हें हार का सामना करना पड़ा। फ्रांस के मोनफिल्स ने दूसरे सेट में वापसी करते हुए इसे 7-5 से अपने नाम किया। तीसरे सेट में भी जोकोविक को कड़ी टक्कर मिली, लेकिन वह खिताब जीतने में सफल रहे। खिताबी जीत के बाद जोकोविक ने कहा, "इस साल मुझे चार मास्टर्स टूर्नामेंटों के फाइनल में हार का सामना करना पड़ा था और यही बात यहां भी मेरे दिमाग में थी।" विगत छह सप्ताह के दौरान जोकोविक ... पारंपरिक विधियों से करवाएं लाइलाज बीमारियों का इलाजजोश 18 - 2 hours ago जलजा ने देश में स्वास्थ्य क्षेत्र की मौजूदा चुनौतियों का सामना करने के लिए इलाज की पारंपरिक विधि अपनाए जाने पर जोर देते हुए आज कहा कि यूनानी औषधि पद्धति लाइलाज बीमारियों के उपचार के लिए बेहद कारगर साबित हो सकती है। 'आदिवासी स्वास्थ्य एवं यूनानी औषधि' विषय पर यहां शुरू हुए दो दिवसीय राष्ट्रीय सेमीनार में श्रीमती जलजा ने कहा कि जहां अमेरिका, ब्रिटेन जैसे विकसीत देश स्वास्थ्य क्षेत्रों की चुनौतियों का सामना करने के लिए ... डेम्पो का सामना विवा केरला से वेबदुनिया हिंदी - Nov 11, 2009 ... और समीर नायक की अनुपस्थिति में टीम अपने डिफेंस को मजूबत करने की जरूरत होगी। ये दोनों चर्चिल ब्रदर्स के खिलाफ पिछले मैच में नहीं खेले थे, जिसमें उन्हें शिकस्त का मुँह देखना पड़ा था। विवा केरला के छह मैचों में चार अंक हैं। इस टीम ने मजबूत टीमों के खिलाफ शानदार प्रदर्शन किया है। उन्होंने पिछले मैच में महिंद्रा यूनाईटेड के खिलाफ ड्रॉ खेला जबकि उन्हें ईस्ट बंगाल और चिराग यूनाईटेड से करीबी मैच में हार का सामना करना पड़ा। ... बिहार में जूनियर डॉक्टरों की हड़ताल छठे दिन भी जारी (लीड-1)That's Hindi - 20 hours ago हड़ताल के कारण दोनों मेडिकल कॉलेज अस्पतालों में मरीजों को काफी कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ रहा है। भर्ती मरीजों का पलायन भी जारी है। पीएमसीएच प्रशासन के मुताबिक हड़ताल के दौरान अब तक 70 लोगों की मौत हो चुकी है। उधर स्वास्थ्य मंत्री नंदकिशोर यादव द्वारा हड़ताली जूनियर डॉक्टरों पर कार्रवाई की चेतावनी का भी कोई असर जूनियर डॉक्टरों पर नहीं दिख रहा है। शनिवार की रात स्वास्थ्य विभाग के अपर सचिव संजीव हंस के साथ वार्ता भी ... मैडोना का मुश्किलों से सामनावेबदुनिया हिंदी - Nov 8, 2009 'क्वीन ऑफ पॉप' को ऐसी परिस्थितियों का सामना करना पड़ेगा, ऐसा किसी ने सोचा भी नहीं होगा। मैडोना को हॉलीवुड में नई फिल्म हासिल करने में मुश्किलों का सामना करना पड़ रहा है। सूत्रों के मुताबिक हाल ही मिली नाकामियों के कारण ऐसा हो रहा है। मैडोना अब कैमरे के पीछे के मौके भी तलाश रही है। फिलहाल वे स्क्रिप्ट राइटिंग में हाथ आजमा रही है। (भाषा) स्क्रिप्ट राइटिंग में हाथ आजमाएंगी मैडोना हिन्दुस्तान दैनिक महंगे कपास ने बढ़ाई कपड़ा निर्यातकों की मुश्किलेंPatrika.com - 15 hours ago कपास की कीमतों में तेजी और पिछले एक महीने में कपड़े की लागत 42 फीसदी तक बढ़ने से कपड़ा निर्यातकों को मुश्किलों का सामना करना पड़ रहा है। परिधान निर्यात संवर्घन परिषद (एईपीसी) के चेयरमैन राकेश वैद ने कहा कि कपड़े की कीमत जबरदस्त बढ़ी है, जिससे कई निर्यातकों को उत्पादन घटाना पड़ा है। आर्डर पूरा करने के लिए घाटे पर माल का निर्यात करने को बाध्य होना पड़ा है। उन्होंने कहा, कपड़े की कीमत पिछले एक महीने में 23 से 42 फीसदी के बीच बढ़ ... | |
| NEWS ON THE GO: Live updates |
| Last Updated: Monday, Nov 16, 2009 |
| Live updates from various sources as and when stories break. |
 News in Video  | In the News |
• I was sold to Lashkar by my father, says Kasab
• Railways not to acquire land forcibly: Mamata Banerjee
• Suicide bombing kills four in Peshawar
• Five newborn babies die in hospital in Vijayawada
• Lion eats girl's palm at Chhattisgarh zoo
- 2000 Takes over as West Bengal chief minister from Jyoti Basu
- 2001 Wins state elections and becomes CM
- 2003 Total industrial investment touches a record Rs. 4,683 crore. He also releases the IT policy to attract infotech firms
- 2006 Singur erupts over land acquisition for Tata's Nano factory; by 2007, Nandigram is in flames
- 2007 Scores a rare industrial victory when the Rs 621 crore Xenitis group began production of two-wheelers in Hooghly
- 2008
- May: TMC, Cong gain in panchayat elections
- Nov: Naxals attack CM's convoy in Salboni, police action follows
- 2009
- May: Hits a new low as his party manages to win only nine of the 42 seats in the Lok Sabha elections
- October/November: Naxals continue to haunt him
- November: Suffers another setback in the assembly bypolls as Congress and Trinamool combine win eight of the 10 constituencies
***
On November 6, 2009, West Bengal chief minister Buddhadeb Bhattacharya completed nine years in office. But into his tenth year at the helm, there were few celebratory hurrahs for the beleaguered CM. Parts of the state had virtually plunged into anarchy, with the Maoists enforcing their violent, if patchy, writ around Lalgarh. Before that there was Nandigram and Singur. And it is Buddhadeb who is being held responsible for it all. Not just by the opposition, but also by the people who, election after election, starting from the parliamentary polls down to the panchayat and the just-concluded assembly bypolls, have made it clear that their verdict is against Buddhadeb and the CPI(M). Add to that detractors within the Left Front as well as his own party and Buddhadeb's cup of woes brimmeth over.
If last week's bypolls are any indicator of what might transpire in the next assembly elections, the CPI(M) has much to be worried about. The party drew a blank in the 10 assembly seats that went to polls. The CPI(M)'s loss has been the Trinamool's gain, which won seven seats. Why, even Romola Chakraborty, widow of CPI(M) strongman Subhas Chakraborty, could not get the expected sympathy votes just a few months after his death—she lost the Belgachia assembly seat held continuously by her husband since 1977. Says former CM Siddhartha Shankar Ray, "If I were Buddhadeb Bhattacharya, I would resign today. Bengal's problems have to be solved. I have spoken to Chidambaran and I have expressed my concern. I have told him that the imposition of President's rule in Bengal should be considered."
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"If I were Buddhadeb, I would have resigned. I told Chidambaram that President's rule should be considered here."S.S. Ray, Former West Bengal CMThe downward slide began with Singur in 2006, when the West Bengal government even resorted to imposing Section 144 to prevent protests against the forceful appropriation of land for the Tata factory. The government cited the Land Acquisition Act of 1894 to justify the takeover, claiming land could be commandeered by the state for the larger good even from unwilling farmers.
It is then that Mamata Banerjee, who had been looking for an entry point to destabilise 32 years of Communist rule in Bengal, stepped in with her anti-land acquisition movement by organising the people of Singur. The state reacted by unleashing the police on them. Later, the rape and murder of an 18-year-old girl, Tapasi Malik—who was burned alive on her own farm land, allegedly by CPI(M) goons, after she had vehemently protested its forcible acquisition—was highlighted by Mamata's Trinamool Congress during the 2009 Lok Sabha elections. The drubbing in those polls was the first major manifestation that Buddhadeb had ushered in the beginning of the end for the CPI(M) in Bengal.
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"Buddhadeb was committed to the cause of Bengal; had a vision. He started well, but made many mistakes."Sunil Gangopadhyay, Novelist and poetBy the time matters deteriorated in Lalgarh, soon after Buddhadeb and central ministers Ram Vilas Paswan and Jitin Prasada escaped a landmine blast in Salboni in November 2008, the CM had become inured to the criticism around him. He went about his business almost oblivious of well-meaning advice. And as paramilitary forces rolled into West Midnapore in June 2009 to take on the Maoists, the CM didn't even have the mindspace left for the argument that "development is the real solution".
Hemmed in by criticism from all quarters, Buddhadeb is now a shadow of the man he used to be. The talk in party circles is that he may not be the chief ministerial candidate when Bengal goes to the polls in 2011.
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| Nov 16, 2009 10:50 AM 10 | Raj & Irreverent Indian The IrreverentIndian is quite right to call me what he has but Raj deserves thanks for the post with more facts and correctness. The Irrevenent Indian might be the epitome of all conceivable virtues. Work culture was not the virtues of the Bengalis per se. Easygoing, fun loving and imaginative, they did not throw Bengal or part thereof before into the throes of chaos, confucion, hatred and strife as we witness today. Every home---almost every couple, not to speak and mohalla---are virtically divided in inimical camps driven by political aggressiveness, never known to Bengal. Killings, murders, kidnapping, abduction were never as high in dimension as we see now under the regime ruling West Bengal. Those who are familiar with late Dr. Ashoke Mitra's, [ICS] autobiography know well when he met CPI office bearers as the first District Magistrate, Maldah after partition in 1947, he urged them to give universal education top priority in their agenda. The leader told him point blank that this was out of question. A surprise DM wanted to know the reasons. He was told that with education masses would never listen to their dictates and obey it instinctively. They would depend more on their own decision and judgment. So, that was their cardinal principle on education. Lenin in a letter to Dostoivesky called educated people, who are intellectual type "shit" and opposed liberal education for the masses. Land is scare and limited. Anyone in know will understands that farmers do not want to continue with agriculture which has become very expensive and non-viable and want education for their sons and daughters. Cost of labour, irrigation, fertilizers, insecticides etc. are beyond reach of ordinary farmers. So given quality education, now concentrated in Calcutta only, they would turn their children into human capital, leaving land, save and except for homestead, for industries, a fact political circles do not consider. They want sincerely farmers, cultivators and labourers to remain what they have been for ages and generations. In a nutshell, they want to continue to do "Raj" [rule] and do not those who are busy with "Kaj" [manual work] to invade their "Raj". |
| Nov 16, 2009 01:35 AM 9 | A.K. Biswas Calcutta, India You have observed the reality which other retvrds in West Bengal never could. You are so right in your observation about how the system is run by caste hindus and how the lower castes and tribals are either exterminated or exploited by pitching one against the other. Your observation about the Marwaris is also 100% correct. The corruption to the Bengali psyche was brought by them fuelled by the poverty of refugge East bengalis. In fact, during the 70's every bengali movie, every bengali play used to have a bribing marwari businessman as the villian of the movie or the play. West Bengal will never recover. I can engrave it somewhere. The reasons are many. 1. Bengalis of West Bengal are not really West Bengalis. The ones running the state are mostly East Bengalis or refugees who have no emotional love for West Bengal per se. To them, their homeland is East Bengal. Their priority is to survive by hook or crook, be it in West Bengal or elsewhere. The caste hindu refugees gained power in West Bengal using communism as a tool. They became 'sarbaharar dal'. And right so because these SOBs did not have anything. They used their cunning and tricks to survive in every area. The males started becoming communist leaders (most CPI(M) leaders are brahmins), their women started sleeping around to get that extra help, their daughters started flirting around bringing home the 'fast-bengali-girl' image. And they never knew of a West Bengal apart from CALCUTTA. The rest of West Bengal did not matter to them. All these factors are important because these factors contributed towards the Marichjhapis, the Lalgarhs the Gorkhalands, the Kamtapuris, etc. Now that is what an East bengali in West Bengal looks like. As far as the West Bengalis of West bengal are concerned, well... those SOBs were never as civilized and educated as the East Bengali refugees. The rich were the Zamindars who didn't have a clue about education. The others were poor landless laborers who worked for the Zamindars. After land reforms, they Zamindars of West bengal left West Bengal villages and either went out of state, country or some settle in Calcutta. The educated East Bengalis had a free for all. They became the poor jholawala, thinking, BUDDHIJIBI or INTELLECTUALS as people say and because communist propaganda masters. They used every institution, every system to infiltrate to establish their community. All talk - no action started with these so called intellectualism. They were everywhere. Every Bengali started writing poems and smoking biris. Jyoti Basu banned English from schools. A few from West Bengal who got some education left West Bengal because the industries had left (not the Marwaris 'cause the Marwaris have now become CPI(M) financiers). 35 years have gone by in the process. The leaders of the refugees now have ill-gotten money and property. They along with Marwaris now but land to sell it at a higher price to make money. The contracts they get for construction of public and buildings get channeled through the party. They want the CPI(M) to rule forever. Hence they have formed armed party cadre thugs to counter whoever opposes CPI(M). These thugs are basically lower-caste hindus or tribals or lower caste muslims (local as well as from Bangladesh and Bihar). You'll find more Bhaiyaa CPI(M) leaders in the small towns of West Bengal than in Bihar. Do you think these people would have any love for West Bengal? |
| Nov 15, 2009 10:15 PM 8 | Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee is Bengal's Gorbachev, and has nailed Marxism in Bengal like Gorbachev did in Russia. And he has no remorse for it. What he would be doing after the 2011 election, I sometimes wonder. |
| Nov 15, 2009 02:15 PM 7 | Well said RAJNEESH |
| Nov 15, 2009 02:02 PM 6 | "The irony of today's polity is that it never lets the King hear people's cry amidst deafening sycophancy, which eventually costs latter his crown." |
| Nov 15, 2009 02:01 PM 5 | A.K.B iswas Are you a born idiot or a self-made one? West Bengal has collapsed because of the BENGALI MENTALITY. Jyoti Basu and Mamata are only facilitating the rot. Reason 1. WORKOPHOBIA: The creatures in Bhengal have a radically different work-culture. They join a company not because they need to earn (Bengal can run pretty well on barter economy, you see!!), but because they need to be married. At work, the Bangal-ites are usually found doing personal errands during office hours. Lunch hours are meant for political rallies. On the salary-days, they would throw a perspective diatribe on American capitalism, preferably in front of Nike outlets. The lectures - delivered in crude Bengali - is also interspersed with peppy poetries and revolutionary snippets to add that ZING. In fact, getting a work done in this state is only marginally easier that bear-hugging a Sumo wrestler. Reason 2: PRE_HISTORIC ANATOMY: The Bengal-ite blabbers perpetually - he has an opinion on everything, from giraffe's mating calls to masala kulchas. The best way to deal with him is to let him talk. He is usually found with his kids hanging around his belly. He - in turn - hangs by Tagore's beard. Some of them have managed to discard dhotis and jholas in favour of chequered 'pants' and rexin briefcases (of course, padlocked on three ends!!). The middle-class Bengal-ites wear their 'pants' all the way up to the arm-pits. I wouldn't talk about the umbrella and monkey-caps, as it is now pretty much a part of the Bengalite's anatomy. Reason 3: SOCIETAL DEFICIENCY: Waste Bengal is a state where socio-cultural evolution has not progressed beyond Rabindra Sangeet and Vivekananda. Nothing symbolises Bengal's psyche better than the trams - old, empty, slow, and above all, inability to move away from tracks. No wonder, they still have them running in Kolkata. Some American scowl aptly named it "Shitty of Joy". In Bengal, nothing happens without a 100% 'theek aachhe'. Nothing reflects this better than the buses in Kolkata - they have seats built on conference room arrangements!! Reason 4: REVERSE CAPITALISM: I need not repeat the sequence of events at Singur - the interesting part is what happened thereafter. Gujarat bagged the project, clearing all logistics in a matter of three days!! Bengal "exported" the Nano opportunity to Gujarat. In Gujarat, the villagers welcomed the move, emphasizing that they will provide more land, if needed. The TV channels showed tiled videos of celebrations in Gujarat and Bengal. These are once-in-a-decade situations when both the winner and the loser celebrates!! That summarizes the trajectory Bengal has chosen to follow - from Naxalism to Socialism to Anti-socialism to Pseudo-socialism to (now) Reverse-capitalism. Bengal's approach to human evolution is very simple: First, they ignore it; then they ridicule it; then oppose it; and if even that doesn't work, they simply export the opportunity to lesser mortals sitting in non-descript places like Gujarat, Orissa, Karnataka and occasionally, even China. |
| Nov 15, 2009 10:14 AM 4 | Further to my post let me add the following. West Bengal School Service Commission has been recruiting teachers in thousands [at least 20,000-25,000 a year] in last three years. The Commission has not, repeat not, recruited one scheduled caste or scheduled tribe for the posts of teachers reserved for them on questionable plea that there were no SCs or STs suitable for recruitment. The census report 2001 shows that there were over 200,000 graduates and post graduates SCs and STs in West Bengal. Quite a large number of them---both male and female---were working as agricultural labourers for living. The grievances of Muslims, on the other hand, have been criptically documented by the Sachar Committee. Only quality education, irrespective of caste, class and religion, can bring West Bengal out of the tragedy it finds itself sucked in. The Left Front exploited people's faith reflected in votes for over three decades to enriche the leaders. To them, Calcutta is the only place on earth. Beyond Calcutta there is no place worth notice, far less development. There is no place even in Bengal to spend few moments of their life. Take a note of the people killed in police firing and mob violence, besides custodial death. They all belong to the lower orders of the society [read SCs/STs] and the minorities [Muslims in the main]. They are killed indiscriminately. The state still has reputation as being free from caste or communal violence. There tribals kill tribals. SCs kill SCs. And so it is no caste atrocities, as we witness elsewhere. Mulsims kill Muslims. It is no communal killing. The State busks in glory. The leaders a brazen with public money. Jyoti Basu, for example, used to spend two months every year in James Court Inn, London to evade the sweltering heat of Calcutta. This he did ritualitically for 23 years. In other words, he had spent 46 months in London at tax payers money. Could people be blamed if they have seen through their leaders and their ways enough in 33 years? |
| Nov 15, 2009 09:42 AM 3 | The Left Front Ministry at present, as before, is not representative and democracy is a mockery in West Bengal. Democracy is walking on its head there. If anybody is interested, may please note the following few facts: (1) Buddhadeb Bhattacharyee Cabinet with 33 Ministers, has 16 Brahmans [excluding State/Deputy Ministers]. (2) 69% of his Cabinet is packed with bhadralok, an euphemism for three castes---Brahman, Baidya and Kayasth---who account for mere 6.5% of the State's population. (3) Muslims account for 23.6% and scheduled castes another 23.6% of population have 5 and 7 Ministers to boast. (4) 7% tribal do not have a minister to grace the Cabinet; of course, there is a solitary minister of state there. The bhadralok does not believe that any Bengali tribal have merit/competence to handle a full cabinet portfolio. (5) And, finally, 56% of the unreserved constituencies in the state Legislative Assemby is represenetd by the said bhadralok who merely account for 6.5% of the state population. Of course, all parties are party to undue invasion in political spheres and destroying democracy, Mamata Banerjee no exception. The 69% of the Cabinet ministers do what they are expected to do in an environment marked by bhadralokdom: they promote their own protages and favourites who are none other than their own caste brothers and sisters. People will not remain mute and inactive to the massacre of democracy. Democracy is not all about merit; it is all about fair share of representation for all in every shperes. Bengali aristrocrat do not believe in its cardinal principle. Jyoti Basu surely has much to explain for the decline which will lead to ultimate fall and eclipse of the Left Rule. They have kept people in darkness. Education has been totally denied to them lest they become aware and demanding. In a land scarce state, every citizen should have been converted into a human capital with educational revolution. But they decided to deny education to the masses in particular. No political party puts education in the manifesto, more so the Left Front. Illiteracy galore in the masses. Today sectoral approaches are being made to win over. Marichjhapi massacre in 1979 under Jyoti Basu is a genocide of Namasudra, the largest SCs in Bengal. "Thousands" were massacred by police and goons hired by CPM. The same CPM held a convention of Namasudra caste along with Rajbansis in Delhi in 2007 for espousing their cause in other state. The tribal uprising, Gorkha movement and Kamtapuri agitation---all point to total failure of the Left Rule. They have nursed goons for control, nourished Marwari for money and patrinized corruption for muzzling and infiltration in every layer of the state. |
| Nov 14, 2009 08:07 PM 2 | It is the sins of misrule by Jyothi Basu which has visited upon Buddhadeb a forward looking CM.The stagnation of WB caused by the unimaginative rule of Basu which became an albatross round Buddha,needed big surgical operations which were politically capitalised upon by Mamatha. |
| Nov 14, 2009 07:25 PM 1 | Perhaps, Mr Bhattacharjee should learn valuable lessons from his term of administration of West Bengal. The people of Singur were not happy to give up farmland in Singur. The administration should have taken the people of West Bengal into confidence, on his vision for the development of the state. In a democracy, the people should work in close cooperation with the administration of the state. If the people do not work with the administration in a democracy, then it becomes very difficult for the administration. |
Dear Mr Mukherjee,
I do hope you recall me. Our personal interaction though brief goes back a long way. We first met when you kindly invited me to participate in a dialogue on current affairs with late EMS Namboodiripad which you moderated and which was organized by a Calcutta journal that published it verbatim in its annual issue.
I take the liberty of writing to you because our nation is in crisis due to a multi-pronged assault on governance that has left our political system tottering. There has arisen a historic opportunity to cleanse the system, destroy the prevailing corrupt political culture and reclaim democratic governance. That historic opportunity has been offered to you.
I refer to the ongoing Koda case involving corruption in mining operations, the exposure of huge Hawala transactions and the spread of astronomical illegal investments abroad. The investigation of this case is by the Enforcement Directorate that functions under your jurisdiction. I presume to alert you because more than a decade ago I was one of the four petitioners who took the similar Jain Hawala case to the Supreme Court. I can claim some familiarity with how that case was subverted.
There are startling similarities and important differences between the Jain Hawala case and the Koda case. In the earlier case diaries were seized listing the names of leading politicians cutting across party lines who received Hawala money from SK Jain. I understand that the diary seized in the Koda case also contains as recipients the names of political leaders cutting across major parties.
However in the current case the sums of illegal money involved are manifold higher than in the earlier case. Moreover in the earlier scandal the money distributed to political leaders was in most cases for use in an imminent general election. Receiving black money for electoral purpose did not conform to law but to widely accepted custom. The complication arose because part of the same consignment of Hawala money was also passed on to Kashmir terrorists. That was why the seizure of the Jain diary resulted in a TADA case in which unwittingly leading politicians got involved. That was why the politicians did not own up. That was why a huge cover-up was effected. That was why permanent and irretrievable damage to the system occurred.
Briefly, this was how the cover-up took place. First, an honest CBI officer investigating the TADA case was framed on corruption charges and removed from the investigation. Thereafter contrary to law the TADA case against the politicians was converted to plain corruption and FERA cases. Thereby the anti-terrorist probe was aborted. One of those involved in the terrorism case, Syed Salahuddin, who was a minor disgruntled politician then, rose years later to head the terrorist Hizbul Mujahideen organization and is currently based in Pakistan .
After Prime Minister Narasimha Rao took action by removing the ministers indicted by CBI in the Supreme Court, after the leader of the opposition was compelled to resign by his party due to being indicted, the cover-up machine went into operation. In an event unrelated to the case Jain confessed that he had also paid money to the PM. That confession was rushed to the Supreme Court and entered as evidence by a junior CBI officer without clearance by his seniors. He did this at the behest of a friend in the BJP determined to scuttle the case in order to protect the resigned leader of the opposition.
Not only was the CBI subverted. The Supreme Court was also subverted. Two of the Judges on the Bench hearing the case were entertained in the house of one of the accused Jain brothers. One of the petitioners, Mr Vineet Narain, wrote most damaging charges of corruption and moral turpitude against the Judges entertained by the accused, in a small journal he owned and published. No contempt notice was issued. The SC Bar Association filed a defamation case against Mr Narain. During the hearing of that case one of the accused Judges admitted visiting the house of the accused but claimed that he came to know of his identity only later. Why did he not recuse himself from the case subsequently? Most astoundingly, the Supreme Court dismissed the case without penalizing Mr Narain and merely warned him!
In the final order dismissing the case for lack of evidence the SC suggested a change in the manner of appointing the Central Vigilance Commission in order to enable its independent functioning. The Jain Hawala case was invoked to justify this Court order. How could a case that was dismissed for lack of sufficient evidence be cited to justify such an order to amend the system? Violating propriety Judges of the Supreme Court and the Delhi High Court after retirement accepted Constitutional posts from politicians who had been exonerated by them in this case. The former Chief Justice of India who presided over the Bench hearing the case many years later advised that the investigation of the case be reopened and the case be given a fresh hearing in the Court. It might be recalled that the investigation of the case was under direct supervision of the Supreme Court to prevent political interference. And some years later Jain was made to pay a huge penalty for violating FERA. So Jain was punished, two Kashmiri separatists were punished, but no politician suffered!
In the current Koda case electoral considerations are not involved. The case relates to plain corruption and a brazen subversion of the system. Is there any need for me to reiterate the enormous damage to governance and the rule of law that has already been wrought on the system by such subversion? It can be safely said that the predominant influence on the nation's politics and economy today is by a criminal mafia that has international ramifications and a direct bearing on the nation's escalating terrorism. Public disenchantment with the political system has reached dangerous proportions. Indian democracy is perched on a volcano.
If you as the Minister overseeing the investigation ensure that it is carried to its logical conclusion you may hurt several political parties including your own party. But you will preserve democracy and save the system that is faltering on its last legs. And you are functioning before a public much wiser and angrier than ever before after it has witnessed a succession of major corruption cases in which the powerful have escaped scot-free. So please do reflect on the stakes for the nation, Mr Mukherjee. History is repeating itself. It ended as tragedy in the Jain Hawala case. Do not let it end this time as a farce.
Yours etcetra,
Rajinder Puri
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| Nov 16, 2009 06:15 AM 12 | Wait guys manmohan Singh will start vouching for Koda's honesty pretyt soon.. koda is now threatenign to spill the beans pretyt soon Manmohan singh will be convinced about his hoensty just like he was convinced about Raja's honesty. May be he will just have another case of convenient amnesia like he did when quttrochi's bofors kickback was released andhe first denined but when provided evidence conveneitly said I did't know.. we have this sort fo thug masquerading as honest leader in India.. forget abotu the apaprent dishonest ones even the socalled honest ones are nothing but thug |
| Nov 15, 2009 10:49 PM 11 | Only God knows the honesty of Mr Pranab Mukerjee.In India every one is purchasable and I do not blame the politicians as people are not worthy of good leaders! |
| Nov 15, 2009 01:07 PM 10 | I feel that the Kodas and the Rajas are minor actors as compared to the two Big Brothers from Bellary of Karnataka. While the former might say that they have been targeted by the media because they are either tribals or Dalits, in AP the Iron ore mine owner Mr Janradhan Reddy ( from the neighbouring Bellary Dt ) recently claimed in a press meet in Hyderabd that Chandrababu Naidu ,the TDP leader ( who happens to be a Kamma ) is levelling charages of malpractices against him because he is Janardhan REDDY ! Clever of these people to seek shelter under their caste origins ! Only God can save India from such people !! |
| Nov 14, 2009 02:07 PM 9 | All of you have blamed DR MMS for going soft on corruption,but have all ever demanded action against the Union Bank which allowed these massive transactions in its branch.Dont know what stops the PM to take action against the bank for having failed to inform the authorities concerned about the 640 crores were deposited in the bank.I cant but agree that koda will be fixed because he has no party which supports the UPA.The ED and IT must pursue cases UNDER anti corruption act against all the so called tribals including SHIBU SOREN as well.These guys have looted the mineral resourses of the country.Coming to all u people taking a swipe at The PM,Why dont you ask the BJP for kneeling before Reddy Brothers are they above law or do they deserve the benifit for supporting the BJP.Who is clean today ,to be biased even in cases of corruption on political lines is despicable. |
| Nov 14, 2009 03:30 AM 8 | Ganesan, >> "What does it say about Manmohan Spectrum Singh? Why is he protecting a dalit but not a tribal?" You would do Sean Hannity proud! |
| Nov 14, 2009 01:15 AM 7 | again - big, powerful and rich are just too big, too powerful and too rich to be confronted. they are in total control. nothing will happen. |
| Nov 13, 2009 11:36 PM 6 | >What does it say about Manmohan Spectrum Singh? It says that Manmohan Singh has no problem with corruption , as a matter of fact no qualms about compromising with corruption, so long he remains PM. He also is sure that big business- his constituency - will see to that their subsurvient media will keep painting him pristne white & will never ask him the hard questions under the spurious premise that he is personally clean. |
| Nov 13, 2009 09:19 PM 5 | Koda has claimed he is being targetted because he is a tribal. Same playbook as Rajah. Rajah and Karunanidhi claimed they are being targetted in the Spectrum scam because Rajah is a dalit!! What does it say about Manmohan Spectrum Singh? Why is he protecting a dalit but not a tribal? Manmohan Spectrum Singh has to answer a lot of questions-in a sane world. But in India, no journalist is going to ask him any question and he will carry on the title of being a "honest" politician. |
| Nov 13, 2009 08:51 PM 4 | This is a knaive . No, Pranab Mukherjee cannot 'recall' Rajinder Puri. He can't afford to.There are Madhu Kodas by dozens mining , minting whereever there are minerals to be had. Why only minerals ? You don't do business here straight. One has to use skewed fingers to polish off the cream & for that matter they spread the butter all the way up & down. The man to whom this appeal is made did not reach where did in the system by chasing herrings. Nobody recalls you Mr. Puri! |
| Nov 13, 2009 06:50 PM 3 | Mr Pranab Mukherji has got a golden oppurtunity to serve the nation.Given the circumstances currently, he is most senior(Mr.MM Singh was his Finance Secreatary when he was FM under Mrs.Gandhi), honest, able and respected leader in country.He has reached to that stage from where he can't go any furthur, not because he is not PM material but no will let him go beyond this stage, because that is for Mr MM Singh till Mr Gandhi, Jr is ready for throne, courtsey Rajmata Gandhi.I want to clarify that I have got enormous respect for Mr MM Singh, and he is the best man in India to lead us. So I think Mr Mukherji has been given divine duty to cleanse the system and I am sure he will do it for the country.But for these Kodas( he is just tip of iceberg), India is still poor.Let this case take its natural course so that everyone in this dirty league is involved get exposed and punished.But see what happens and I know why Mr Puri is apprehensive that it is still a possibilities that nothing will happen like the case he has described.If that will be the case, India and Indians will be the only loser |
| Nov 13, 2009 03:18 AM 2 | The lesson here is Koda is not as lucky as Raja. The latter has the full support of Manmohan Spectrum Singh while the former has none. |
| Nov 13, 2009 01:49 AM | The only sin of Koda was that he did not belong to any major political party : ) Every major leader of a tribal state should be investigated for corruption. |
छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले
विकिपीडिया, मुक्त ज्ञानकोशातून
| छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले | ||
|---|---|---|
| छत्रपती | ||
 | ||
| छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले यांचे चित्र | ||
 | ||
| छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले यांची राजमुद्रा | ||
| अधिकारकाळ | जून ६, १६७४ - एप्रिल ३, १६८० | |
| राज्याभिषेक | जून ६, १६७४ | |
| राज्यव्याप्ती | पश्चिम महाराष्ट्र, कोकण, सह्याद्री डॊंगररांगांपासून नागपूरपर्यंत आणि उत्तर महाराष्ट्र, खानदेशापासून दक्षिण भारतात तंजावर पर्यंत | |
| राजधानी | रायगड | |
| पूर्ण नाव | शिवाजीराजे शहाजीराजे भोसले | |
| पदव्या | गोब्राह्मणप्रतिपालक | |
| जन्म | फेब्रुवारी १९१, १६३० | |
| शिवनेरी किल्ला, पुणे | ||
| मृत्यू | एप्रिल ३, १६८० | |
| रायगड | ||
| उत्तराधिकारी | छत्रपती संभाजीराजे भोसले | |
| वडील | शहाजीराजे भोसले | |
| आई | जिजाबाई | |
| पत्नी | सईबाई, सोयराबाई, पुतळाबाई, काशीबाई, सकवारबाई | |
| संतती | छत्रपती संभाजीराजे भोसले, छत्रपती राजारामराजे भोसले | |
| राजघराणे | भोसले | |
| राजब्रीदवाक्य | 'प्रतिपच्चंद्रलेखेव वर्धिष्णुर्विश्ववंदिता शाहसुनोः शिवस्यैषा मुद्रा भद्राय राजते।' | |
| चलन | होन, शिवराई (सुवर्ण होन, रुप्य होन??) | |
| १ - जन्मदिनांकाच्या निश्चितीबद्दल मतमतांतरे आहेत. | ||
अनुक्रमणिका[लपवा] |
ओळख
मराठी साम्राज्याचे संस्थापक आणि एक आदर्श शासनकर्ता म्हणून ओळखले जाणारे छत्रपती शिवाजीराजे भोसले एक सर्वसमावेशक, सहिष्णू राजा म्हणून महाराष्ट्रात आणि इतरत्रही वंदिले जातात. शत्रूविरुद्ध लढ्याकरता महाराष्ट्रातल्या डोंगर-दर्यांमधे अनुकूल असलेली गनिमी काव्याची पद्धत वापरून त्यांनी तत्कालीन विजापूरची आदिलशाही, अहमदनगरची निजामशाही आणि बलाढ्य मुघल साम्राज्यशाही ह्यांच्याशी लढा दिला, आणि मराठी साम्राज्याचे बीजारोपण केले. आदिलशाही, निजामशाही आणि मुघलसाम्राज्य बलाढ्य असली तरी महाराष्ट्रात त्यांची सगळी भिस्त स्थानिक सरदारांवर आणि किल्लेदारांवर होती. ते सरदार/ किल्लेदार जनतेवर अन्याय-अत्याचार करत असत. शिवाजीमहाराजांनी त्या अन्याय-अत्याचारातून जनतेची सुटका केली, आणि उत्तम शासनाचे एक उदाहरण भावी राज्यकर्त्यांसमोर ठेवले.
जन्म
जिजाबाई ह्या शहाजीराजांच्या प्रथम पत्नी. शिवाजीमहाराजांचा जन्म जिजाबाईंच्या पोटी इ.स. १९ फेब्रुवारी १६२७ (फाल्गुन कृष्ण तृतीया) रोजी पुण्यापासून ४० मैलांवर असलेल्या शिवनेरी किल्ल्यावर झाला.
शहाजीराजे
शहाजीराजे प्रथम अहमदनगरच्या निजामशहाच्या पदरी एक सरदार म्हणून होते. मलिक अंबर ह्या निजामशहाच्या प्रभावी वजिराच्या मृत्यूनंतर मुघल सम्राट शहाजहानच्या सैन्याने इ.स. १६३६ मधे अहमदनगरवर चाल करून ते शहर आपल्या ताब्यात घेतल्यानंतर शहाजीराजे विजापूरच्या आदिलशहाच्या पदरी सरदार म्हणून रुजू झाले. आदिलशहाने त्यांना पुण्याची जहागिरी दिली. शहाजीराजांनी तुकाबाईंशी आपला दुसरा विवाह केला. लहान शिवाजीराजांना घेऊन जिजाबाई पुण्याला रहायला आल्या. तुकाबाई आणि शहाजीराजे ह्यांच्या एकोजी भोसले (व्यंकोजी भोसले) ह्या पुत्रांनी पुढे सध्याच्या तामिळनाडूमधील तंजावरला आपले राज्य स्थापन केले.
जिजाबाई
जिजाबाई पुण्यात रहायला गेल्या त्यावेळी पुण्याची फार दुरवस्था झालेली होती. तेव्हा छोटे शिवाजीराजे आणि कारभारी दादोजी कोंडदेव ह्यांच्या हस्ते पुण्यात एका शेतात प्रतीकादाखल सोन्याच्या मुलाम्याचा नांगर फिरवून, जिजाबाईंनी पुण्याची पुन:स्थापना करायला सुरवात केली. शिवाजीराजे लहानाचे मोठे होत असताना आणि मोठे झाल्यावरही (मोठेपणीच्या सिंहगडावरच्या स्वारीसारख्या) प्रत्येक महत्त्वाच्या प्रसंगी त्यांना जिजाबाईंनी खंबीर मार्गदर्शन दिले. शिवाजीमहाराजांच्या त्या आद्यगुरू होत. हिंदवी स्वराज्यस्थापनेचे स्वप्न साकार करायला शिवाजीमहाराजांना जिजाबाईंनी स्फूर्ती दिली असे काही इतिहासकार मानतात.
मार्गदर्शक
लोककथा आणि इतिहास ह्यांमधे कालौघात पुष्कळदा सरमिसळ होते, आणि त्यामुळे इतिहासाचा नेमका मागोवा घेणे कठीण होते. शिवाजीमहाराजांच्या बाबतीत ती सरमिसळ खूपच आहे; परिणामी शिवाजीराजांना कोणाचे मार्गदर्शन किती मिळाले हे नक्की ठरवणे निदान आज तरी कठीण आहे. युद्धाभ्यास आणि रणनीती ह्यांसबंधी प्राथमिक मार्गदर्शन त्यांना शहाजीराजांकडून, राजकारभाराचे दादोजी कोंडदेवांकडून तर परकीय सत्तेविरूद्ध लढा करण्याकरता आवश्यक असलेल्या शिस्तीचे शिक्षण जिजाबाईंकडून मिळाले असे मात्र उपलब्ध ऐतिहासिक माहितीरून निश्चितपणे सांगता येते. समर्थ रामदासस्वामी आणि संत तुकाराममहाराज ह्यांचे महत्त्वाचे आध्यात्मिक मार्गदर्शनही शिवाजीराजांना लाभले होते.
मावळ प्रांत
सह्याद्रीच्या दोन डोंगररांगांच्या मधल्या खोर्याला "मावळ" म्हणतात. पुण्याखाली १२ आणि जुन्नर-शिवनेरीखाली १२ अशी एकूण २४ मावळ आहेत.
बारा मावळ
- पवन मावळ
- आंदर मावळ
- कानद मावळ
- मुठाखोरे
- गुंजण मावळ
- हिरडस मावळ
- पौड मावळ
- रोहिड खोरे
शिवाजी महाराजांचे मावळामधील सवंगडी
- बाजी पासलकर
- कान्होजी जेधे
- तानाजी मालुसरे
- बाजी प्रभू देशपांडे
- मुरारबाजी
- नेताजी पालकर
- हंबीरराव मोहिते
शिवाजी महाराजांचे सरसेनापती
लढाऊ आयुष्य
सुरूवातीचा लढा
पहिली स्वारी - तोरणगडावर विजय
इ.स. १६४७ मधे सतरा वर्षांच्या शिवाजीराजांनी आदिलशहाच्या ताब्यातला तोरणगड जिंकला आणि स्वराज्याची मुहूर्तमेढ रोवली. तोरणगड हे स्वराज्याचे तोरणच ठरले. त्याच साली शिवाजीराजांनी कोंढाणा(सिंहगड), आणि पुरंदर हे किल्ले आदिलशहाकडून जिंकून पुणे प्रांतावर पूर्ण नियंत्रण मिळवले.या शिवाय तोरणगडासमोरील मुरुंबदेवाचा डोंगर जिंकून त्याची डागडुजी केली व त्याचे नाव त्यांनी राजगड असे ठेवले.
शहाजीराजांना अटक
शिवाजीराजांच्या यशस्वी स्वार्यांनी बिथरून शिवाजीराजांना आळा घालण्याची एक युक्ती म्हणून आदिलशहाने शहाजीराजांना अटक केली. शिवाय सुमारे ५००० फौज घेऊन फत्तेखान नावाच्या सरदाराला शिवाजीराजांवर हल्ला करण्यास पाठवले. शिवाजीराजांनी पुरंदरावर फत्तेखानाचा पराभव केला. बाजी पासलकर सैन्यासकट पळत्या फत्तेखानाच्या पाठलागावर सासवडपर्य़ंत गेले. सासवडजवळ झालेल्या लढाईत बाजी पासलकरांचा मॄत्यू झाला.
शिवाजीराजांनी मुघल बादशाह शाहजहान यास त्याच्या दख्खनच्या सुभेदाराकरवी (शहजादा मुरादबक्ष) पत्र पाठवून शहाजीराजांसकट त्याच्या चाकरीत जायची इच्छा प्रकट केली. त्याचा परिणाम म्हणून शाहजहानाने आदिलशहावर दबाव आणला आणि परिणामी शहाजीराजांची सुटका झाली. परंतु त्यासाठी शिवाजीराजांना कोंढाणा किल्ला, आणि शहाजीराजांना बंगळूर शहर आणि कंदर्पीचा किल्ला आदिलशहाला द्यावा लागला.
जावळी प्रकरण
आदिलशहाशी इमान राखणारा जावळीचा सरदार चंद्रराव मोरे शहाजीराजे आणि शिवाजीराजे यांच्याविरूद्ध आदिलशहाकडे कुरापती काढत असे. त्याला धडा शिकविण्यासाठी इ.स. १६५६ साली शिवाजीने रायरीचा किल्ला सर केला. त्यामुळे कोकण भागात स्वराज्याचा विस्तार झाला.
पश्चिम घाटावर नियंत्रण
इ.स. १६५९ पर्यंत शिवाजीराजांनी जवळपासच्या पश्चिम घाटातील आणि कोकणातील चाळीस किल्ल्यांवर विजय मिळविला होता.
आदिलशाहीशी संघर्ष
अफझलखान प्रकरण
आदिलशहाच्या ताब्यात असणारे किल्ले जिंकत राहिल्यामुळे इ.स. १६५९ साली आदिलशहाने दरबारात शिवाजी महाराजांना संपविण्याचा विडा ठेवला. हा विडा दरबारी असलेल्या अफझलखान नावाच्या सरदाराने उचलला. मोठ्या सैन्यासह आणि लवाजम्यासह अफझलखान मोहिमेवर निघाला. अफझलखान वाईजवळ आला तेव्हा शिवाजीराजांनी सध्याच्या [ [महाबळेश्वर]] जवळ असलेल्याप्रतापगडावरून त्यास तोंड देण्याचे ठरवले. तहाची बोलणी सुरू झाली आणि अंतिम बोलणीसाठी शिवाजी महाराजांनी स्वतः यावे असा अफझलखानचा आग्रह होता. पण शिवाजीराजांच्या वकिलांनी (पंताजी गोपीनाथ बोकील) अफझलखानाला गळ घालून प्रतापगडावरच भेट घेण्यास बोलावले. भेटीच्या नियमांनुसार दोन्ही पक्षांकडील मोजकीच माणसे भेटीसाठी येतील आणि दरम्यान सर्वांनी निशस्त्र राहण्याचे ठरले.
शिवाजीराजांना अफझलखानच्या दगाबाजपणाची कल्पना असल्यामुळे त्यांनी सावधानी म्हणून चिलखत चढविले आणि सोबत बिचवा तसेच वाघनखे ठेवली. बिचवा चिलखतामध्ये दडविला होता तर वाघनखे हाताच्या पंजाच्या आतमध्ये वळविलेली असल्यामुळे दिसणारी नव्हती. शिवाजी महाराजांसोबत जिवा महाला हा विश्वासू सरदार होता तर अफझलखानसोबत सय्यद बंडा हा तत्कालीन प्रख्यात असा दांडपट्टेबाज होता. प्रतापगडावरील एका छावणीमध्ये भेट ठरली. भेटीच्या वेळी उंचपुर्या, बलदंड अफझलाखानने शिवाजी महाराजांना मिठी मारली आणि शिवाजीराजांचे प्राण कंठाशी आले. त्याच वेळी अफझलखानने कट्यारीचा वार शिवाजी महाराजांवर केला परंतु चिलखतामुळे शिवाजीराजे बचावले. अफझलखानाचा दगा पाहून शिवाजीराजांनी वाघनखे खानाच्या पोटात घुसवली. त्याचबरोबर अफझलखानाची प्राणांतिक आरोळी चहूकडे पसरली. सय्यद बंडाने तत्क्षणी शिवाजीवर दांडपट्ट्याचा जोरदार वार केला जो तत्पर जिवा महालाने स्वतःवर झेलला आणि शिवाजीराजांचे प्राण वाचले. यामुळेच "होता जिवा म्हणून वाचला शिवा" ही म्हण प्रचलित झाली.
आधीच ठरलेल्या इशार्याप्रमाणे भेटीच्या वेळी तीन तोफांचे बार प्रतापगडावरून काढण्यात आले, आणि खानाच्या छावणीच्या जवळपासच्या झाडाझुडुपांमध्ये दडून बसलेल्या मावळ्यांनी हल्ला करून खानाच्या सैन्याची दाणादाण उडविली. खानाचा मुलगा फाजलखान आणि इतर काही सरदार लपूनछपून वाईच्या मुख्य छावणीपर्यंत आले. इथे खानाचा जनाना होता. ते पाठलागावर असलेल्या नेताजीच्या सैन्यापासून वाचण्यासाठी खजिना, हत्ती व इतर जड सामान टाकून विजापूरला जनान्यासकट पळाले.
शिवाजीराजांना जनतेत मिळालेला आदर आणि प्रेम अनेक शतकांनंतरही टिकून आहे त्यामागचे त्यांची सहिष्णू वृत्ती हे फार महत्त्वाचे कारण आहे. अफझलखानाच्या मृत्यूनंतर त्यांनी त्याच्या शवाचे अंत्यसंस्कार इस्लामी पद्धतीने करुन त्याची एक कबर प्रतापगडावर बांधली आणि त्या कबरीच्या कायम देखभालीची व्यवस्था केली.
अफझलखानच्या मृत्यूनंतर शिवाजीराजांनी दोरोजी नावाच्या सरदाराला कोकणपट्ट्यातील आणखी किल्ले आणि प्रदेश जिंकण्यास पाठवले. स्वतः राजे सातारा प्रांतात घुसून कोल्हापूरापर्यंत गेले व त्यांनी पन्हाळा जिंकून घेतला. नेताजीने त्याच्या सैन्यासह जवळपास विजापुरापर्यंत धडक मारली.
पहा प्रतापगडची लढाई
सिद्दी जौहरचे आक्रमण
अफझलखानच्या मृत्यूमुळे चिडलेल्या आदिलशहाने त्याचा सेनापती सिद्दी जौहर यास सर्व शक्तीनिशी हल्ला करण्याचा आदेश दिला. इ.स. १६६० साली झालेले हे आक्रमण स्वराज्यावरील अनेक मोठ्या संकटांपैकी एक समजले जाते. त्यासुमारास शिवाजीराजे मिरजेच्या किल्ल्याला वेढा घालून होते. सिद्दीच्या आक्रमणाची बातमी येताच राजे पन्हाळगडावर गेले आणि सिद्दी जौहरला त्याचा सुगावा लागताच त्याने गडालाच वेढा घातला आणि गडाची रसद तोडली. काही दिवस गडावरील सर्वांनी तग धरली पण सिद्दीचा वेढा उठण्याचे काही लक्षण दिसेना तेव्हा सर्वांशी खलबत करून शिवाजीराजांनी जवळच्या विशालगडावर पोहोचावे असा निर्णय घेतला. पन्हाळगडावरून एके रात्री शिवाजीराजे आणि काही मंडळी गुप्त रस्त्याने शिताफीने निसटले. ह्याचा पत्ता लागताच सिद्दी जौहरने सिद्दी मसऊदच्या बरोबर काही सैन्य पाठलागावर रवाना केले.
घोडखिंडीतली लढाई
पन्हाळगडापासून काही अंतरावर वाटेत सिद्दीच्या सैन्याने त्यांना घोडखिंडीत गाठले आणि हातघाईची लढाई सुरू झाली. तेव्हा शिवाजीराजांचे विश्वासू पराक्रमी सरदार बाजी प्रभू देशपांडे यांनी शिवाजीराजांना विनंती केली की त्यांनी विशालगडासाठी पुढे कूच करावी आणि खिंडीतील लढाई स्वत: लढतील. विशालगडावर पोहोचताच तोफांच्या तीन डागण्या ऐकू आल्या म्हणजे शिवाजीराजे सुखरूप गडावर पोहचले असा संदेश मिळेल. बाजी प्रभू देशपांड्यांनी वचन दिले की जो पर्यंत तोफांचे तीन आवाज ऐकू येणार नाहीत तो पर्यंत सिद्दी जौहरला खिंडीमद्ध्येच झुंजवत ठेवतील. शिवाजीराजांना ते पटेना पण 'बाजी'च्या विनंतीवजा हट्टापुढे त्यांनी यास मान्यता दिली आणि विशालगडासाठी कूच केले. बाजींनी सिद्दीच्या सैन्याला रोखून धरण्यासाठी प्रयत्नांची शर्थ केली, पण संख्येने कितीतरी पटीने अधिक सैन्यापुढे बाजीप्रभूंनी प्राणांची बाजी लावली. ते स्वतः प्राणांतिक रीतीने घायाळ झाले होते. शेवटी सैनिकांनी मृत्युपथावर असलेल्या घायाळ बाजींना एके ठिकाणी आणून बसविले, पण बाजींचे प्राण कानाशी साठले होते. थोड्या वेळाने तोफांचे तीन आवाज ऐकू आले आणि शिवाजीराजे गडावर पोहोचल्याचा तो संदेश समजल्यावरच बाजी प्रभू देशपांडे यांनी प्राण सोडले. शिवाजीराजांना ही बातमी फार चटका लावून गेली. बाजीप्रभू हे ज्या घोडखिंडीत लढले आणि स्वतःच्या प्राणांचे बलिदान दिले त्या घोडखिंडीचे नाव शिवरायांनी पावनखिंड असे बदलले. बाजीप्रभूच्या बलिदानाने पावन झालेली ती पावनखिंड.
मुघल साम्राज्याशी संघर्ष
मुघल सत्तेशी संघर्ष हा शिवचरित्राचा व्यापक आणि अविभाज्य भाग आहे. तत्कालीन मुघल साम्राज्य हे भारतातील सर्वात बलाढ्य होते आणि औरंगझेब हा अतिशय कठोर आणि कडवा मुघल बादशहा दिल्ली येथे शासन करीत होता. औरंगझेबकालीन मुघल साम्राज्यासंबाधीची माहिती देणारा वेगळा लेख आहे.
शाहिस्तेखान प्रकरण
मुघल साम्राज्याचा नर्मदा नदी पलीकडे विस्तार तसेच शिवाजी महाराजांच्या राज्यविस्ताराला वेसण घालणे या दोन हेतूंसाठी औरंगझेबाने त्याचा मामा शाहिस्तेखान याला दख्खनच्या मोहिमेवर पाठविले. प्रचंड मोठा लवाजमा, सैन्य आणि फौजफाटा सोबत घेऊन शाहिस्तेखान निघाला आणि वाटेत असणार्या प्रत्येक राज्यात, गावात त्याने दहशत पसरवीत जमेल तेवढा जमेल तेथे विध्वंस केला. शेवटी पुण्याजवळील चाकणचा किल्ला जिंकून पुण्यातील शिवाजीराजांच्या लाल महालातच तळ ठोकला. शिवाजीराजांनी खानाचा बंदोबस्त करण्यासाठी एक धाडसी निर्णय घेतला तो म्हणजे लाल महालात शिरून खानाला संपविण्याचा. लाल महालात आणि अवतीभोवती खडा पहारा असे आणि महालात शिरणे अतिशय जोखमीचे काम होते. एके रात्री लाल महालाजवळून जाणार्या एका लग्नाच्या मिरवणुकीचा आधार घेऊन काही मोजक्या माणसांसह स्वतः शिवाजी महाराज लाल महालात शिरले. महालाचा कानाकोपरा माहीत असल्यामुळे लवकरच प्रत्यक्ष शाहिस्तेखानच्या खोलीत शिवाजी महाराजांनी प्रवेश केला. तोपर्यंत महालात कोठेतरी झटापट सुरू झाल्यामुळे शाहिस्तेखानला जाग आली आणि तेवढ्यातच शिवाजीराजांना समोर पाहून खानाने जीव वाचविण्यासाठी सरळ खिडकीतून खाली उडी घेतली. शिवाजी महाराजांनी चपळाईने केलेला वार हुकल्यामुळे खानाच्या प्राणावर बेतण्याऐवजी त्याची तीन बोटे कापली गेली. या प्रकरणामुळे मुघल साम्राज्याची जी नाचक्की झाली ती स्वराज्यासाठी अधिकच फायद्याची ठरली. जे राजे मुघल आश्रयामुळे शिवाजी महाराजांना जुमानत नसत ते आता शिवाजीराजांच्या पराक्रमामुळे त्यांच्या बाजूने झुकले. आणखी एक वेगळा परिणाम या प्रकरणामुळे झाला तो म्हणजे शिवाजीराजांना मिळालेला मानवी क्षमतेपेक्षा मोठा दर्जा आणि त्यामुळे जोडलेल्या दंतकथा. अनेकदा या गोष्टीचा अप्रत्यक्ष फायदा शिवाजी महाराज किंवा त्यांच्या सैन्याला मिळाला. शत्रुसैन्यामध्ये शिवाजी महाराज घुसल्याच्या केवळ अफवा पसरवून संख्येने किरकोळ असलेल्या मावळ्यांनी संख्येने अनेक पटींनी मोठ्या सैन्याची उडविलेली दाणादाण ही याच गोष्टीची साक्ष देऊ शकते. इ.स. १६६३ सालचे शाहिस्तेखान प्रकरण शिवाजीराजांच्या जीवनात आणखी एका नाट्यमय प्रसंगाची भर घालून गेले.
सुरतेची पहिली लूट
इ.स. १६६४. सततची युद्धे आणि त्यामुळे रिता होत असलेला खजिना यामुळे शिवाजीराजे चिंतित होते. मुघलांना किंवा इतर सुलतानांना ही चिंता फार सतावीत नसे. अन्याय्य कर लादून किंवा बळजबरीने खंडणी जनतेकडून वसूल करण्यात बादशाही कारभारास कमीपणा वाटत नव्हता. अनेक दिवसांच्या खलबतांनंतर शिवाजीराजांनी शेवटी एक उपाय शोधून काढला तो म्हणजे इतिहासाला माहीत असलेली सुरतेची पहिली लूट. आजच्या गुजरात राज्यातील सुरत शहर हे तत्कालीन मुघल राज्यात होते आणि व्यापारामुळे अतिशय श्रीमंत शहरांमध्ये गणले जात होते. सुरत शहराच्या लुटीमुळे दोन गोष्टी साध्य करता आल्या, एक म्हणजे मुघल सत्तेला आव्हान आणि राज्याच्या खजिन्यात भर. लुटीचा इतिहास भारतामध्ये अतिशय रक्तरंजित आणि विनाशक आहे. त्या पार्श्वभूमीवर सुरतेची लूट ही पूर्णपणे वेगळी जाणवते. शिवाजीराजांच्या आज्ञेनुसार स्त्रिया, मुले आणि वृद्ध यांच्या केसालाही धक्का न लावता ही लूट केली गेली. मशिदी, चर्च यासारख्या देवस्थानांनाही लुटीतून संरक्षण दिले गेले.
मिर्झाराजे जयसिंह प्रकरण
इ.स. १६६५. औरंगझेबाने त्यांचे पराक्रमी सेनापती मिर्झाराजे जयसिंह याला प्रचंड सैन्यासह पाठविले. शिवाजीराजांचा प्रतिकार थिटा पडला आणि निर्णायक लढाईनंतर पुरंदरचा तह झाला आणि शिवाजीराजांना तहाच्या अटींनुसार २३ किल्ले द्यावे लागले. त्याबरोबरच स्वत: आग्रा (तत्कालीन मुघल राजधानी) येथे पुत्र संभाजी यासह औरंगझेबासमोर हजर होण्याचे कबूल करावे लागले.
आग्र्याहून सुटका
इ.स. १६६६ साली औरंगझेबाने शिवाजीराजांना दिल्ली येथे भेटीसाठी आणि विजापूरवर त्यांनी केलेल्या आक्रमणावर चर्चा करण्यास बोलाविले. त्यानुसार शिवाजीराजे दिल्लीला पोहोचले. त्यांच्यासोबत सहा वर्षांचा संभाजी देखील होता. परंतु दरबारात त्यांना कनिष्ठ सरदारांच्या समवेत उभे करून शिवाजीसारख्या राजांचा उपमर्द केला. या अपमानामुळे अतिशय नाराज होऊन शिवाजीराजे तडक दरबाराबाहेर पडले असता त्यांना तत्क्षणी अटक करून नजरकैदेत ठेवण्यात आले. लवकरच त्यांची रवानगी जयसिंहाचे पुत्र मिर्झाराजे रामसिंग यांच्याकडे आग्रा येथे करण्यात आली. शिवाजीबद्दल आधीपासूनच धास्ती असल्यामुळे त्यांच्यावर कडक पहारा ठेवला होता. काही दिवस निघून गेले. सुटकेसाठी प्रयत्न फोल ठरले होते. शेवटी शिवाजीराजांनी एक योजना आखली. त्या योजनेनुसार त्यांनी आजारी पडल्याचे निमित्त केले आणि त्यांच्या प्रकृतीस्वास्थ्यासाठी विविध मंदिरांना मिठाईचे पेटारे पाठविण्यात येऊ लागले. सुरूवातीला पहारेकरी प्रत्येक पेटारा बारकाईने तपासून पहात पण काही दिवसांनी यात ढिलाई होऊ लागली. नंतर त्यांनी तपासण्याचेदेखील सोडले. या गोष्टीचा फायदा घेऊन एक दिवस शिवाजीराजे आणि संभाजी एकेका पेटार्यामध्ये बसून निसटण्यात यशस्वी झाले. कोणास संशय येऊ नये यास्तव शिवाजीराजांचा विश्वासू हिरोजी फर्जंद हा शिवरायांचे कपडे चढवून आणि त्यांची अंगठी दिसेल अशा पद्धतीने हात बाहेर काढून झोपल्याचे नाटक करीत होता. शिवराय दूरवर पोहोचल्याची खात्री आल्यावर तो देखील पहारेकर्यांना बगल देऊन निसटला. बराच वेळ आतमध्ये काही हालचाल नाही हे वाटून पहारेकरी आत गेले असता त्यांना तेथे कोणीही आढळले नाही तेव्हा त्यांना सत्य परिस्थिती समजली.
आग्रा येथून शिवाजीराजांनी वेषांतर केले आणि एका संन्याशाच्या वेषात महाराष्ट्रात प्रवेश केला. त्यातदेखील त्यांना अनेक खबरदार्या घ्याव्या लागल्या. संभाजीला त्यांनी वेगळ्या मार्गाने काही दुसर्या विश्वासू माणसांबरोबर पाठविले होते. ते स्वतः अतिशय लांबच्या आणि तिरकस, वाकड्या मार्गाने मजल-दरमजल करीत आले. उद्देश हाच होता की काही झाले तरी पुन्हा औरंगझेबाच्या हातात पडायचे नाही.
यात आणखी एक गोष्ट उल्लेखनीय आहे. दिल्लीभेटीपूर्वी त्यांनी राज्यकारभारासाठी जे अष्टप्रधानमंडळ स्थापले होते, त्या मंडळाने राजांच्या अनुपस्थितीमध्ये देखील राज्याचा कारभार चोख चालविला होता. हे शिवाजीराजांचे आणि अष्टप्रधानमंडळाचे फार मोठे यश आहे.
सर्वत्र विजयी घोडदौड
शिवाजीराजे परतल्यानंतर त्यांनी झालेल्या अपमानाचा सूड घेण्यासाठी पुरंदरच्या तहात दिलेले सर्व तेवीस किल्ले जिंकून घेतले.
कोंढाण्याची लढाई
राज्याभिषेक
६ जून इ.स. १६७४ रोजी शिवाजीराजांना रायगडावर राज्याभिषेक करण्यात आला. त्या दिवसापासून शिवाजीराजांनी शिवराज्याभिषेक शक सुरू केला आणि शिवराई हे चलन जारी केले.
दक्षिण दिग्विजय
साहित्यात व कलाकृतींमध्ये
शिवाजी महाराज हे साहित्यकार, नाटककार, कलाकार, शाहिर यांच्या स्फुर्तीचे स्त्रोत आहेत. शिवाजी महाराजांच्या जीवनावर अनेक अजरामर कृती केवळ मराठीतच नव्हे तर इतरही भाषेत प्रकाशित झाल्या आहेत. केवळ मराठीतच शिवाजी महाराजांच्या जीवनावर आधारित ६० पेक्षा अधिक पुस्तके आहेत. यातील बहुतांशी पुस्तके संशोधनावर आधारित असल्याने संदर्भ ग्रंथांची मान्यता आहे. तसेच हजारो कथा, ललित कथा, स्तुतीपर लिखाणे विविध मासिके, वृतपत्रांतून प्रदर्शित होत असतात.
शिवाजी महाराजांच्या जीवनावर आधारित भालजी पेंढारकर यांनी राजा शिवाजी हा चित्रपट दिग्दर्शित केला यात शिवाजी महाराजांची प्रमुख भूमिका चंद्रकांत मांढरे यांनी केली होती
२४ नोव्हेंबर २००८ पासून शिवाजींच्या जीवनावर आधारित् राजा शिवछत्रपती ही मालिका स्टार प्रवाह या चॅनेलवर दाखवली जात आहे. ही मालिका नितीन देसाई यांनी दिग्दर्शीत केली आहे.
संदर्भ
बाह्यदुवे
- स्वराज्य संस्थापक शिवाजी राजा - मराठीमाती
- शिवाजी महाराजांवरचे संकेतस्थळ
- शिवाजी महाराजांच्या जीवनातील प्रसंग व भाषाशुद्धी मोहीम
- [१]
- मोगल-मराठा गोदावरी खोर्यातील संघर्ष
- CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI MAHARAJ - THE LEGEND The King of Forts
Post WUS, 'Kurbaan' faces the music of Shiv SenaExpressindia.com - 9 hours ago This issue paved the way to more than 100 Shiv Sainiks as they came out on the streets and tore apart the posters of the said film, in the areas of Juhu, ... Shiv Sena decides to clothe Kareena in a saree Total Filmy Shiv Sena vs CricketHindustan Times - 6 hours ago 2006: Nearly 60 activists of the Shiv Sena were arrested in Mohali, as they protested close to the venue of the ICC Champions Trophy match between Pakistan ... Kareena wants a pretty sari, Sena says they can send moreDaily News & Analysis - - Nov 14, 2009 Bollywood actress Kareena Kapoor has shot back at the Shiv Sena who recently targeted the actress' bare back shots in her upcoming film Kurbaan, ... Is Shiv Sena listening? Kareena wants a beautiful saree Press Trust of India Maharashtra BJP distances itself from Sena critical articleDaily News & Analysis - Nov 15, 2009 ... from an article published in an in-house party journal making critical analysis of its partner Shiv Sena's poor performance in the Assembly elections. ... Pick of The Week Financial Express Former carpet boy as new 'carpetbagger' Indian Express A sad day for Indian democracyTimes of India - Nov 13, 2009 In an opinion piece in the same paper on that day, Meena Menon brings up the history of parochialism in Maharashtrian politics, citing the Shiv Sena's drive ... Robbers flee with valuables worth Rs 40 lakhTimes of India - - 12 hours ago Newly-elected Shiv Sena MLA Sanjay Gawande met the family members of the victims and directed the police officials to arrest the culprits immediately. ... Kareena's bare-back poster irks Shiv SenaEconomic Times - Nov 13, 2009 MUMBAI: Another Karan Johar release is facing the music, this time from Shiv Sena. The party has objected to the bare-backed posters of Kareena Kapoor from ... Sena threatens to stop screening of Kurbaan Daily News & Analysis Kurbaan posters draw Shiv Sena's ire BollyPatrika.com (blog) 'Sena overestimated its strength in Maharashtra'Press Trust of India - Nov 13, 2009 Mumbai, Nov 14 (PTI) In what could strain its ties with ally Shiv Sena, an article in the state house journal of BJP has said the Sena's strength in ... Sena overestimated its strength in Maharashtra: BJP journal Hindustan Times Shiv Sena men would have made 'tandoori' of Azmi: Bal ThackeraySify - Nov 10, 2009 Shiv Sena chief Bal Thackeray has held Samajwadi Party leader Abu Asim Azmi 'responsible' for Monday's mayhem in the Maharashtra assembly and said his party ... Parties, except Shiv Sena, attack MNS Financial Express Sena's 'toning down' complete, only sermons for Azmi Hindustan Times Now, it's Shiv Sena's turn The Hindu BJP journal says Sena overstated its strengthDaily News & Analysis - - Nov 12, 2009 An article published in the state Bharatiya Janata Party's house journal Manogat may lead to a new controversy over its relations with the Shiv Sena. ... Sena, MNS team up against Azmi Indian Express Inquiry ordered against Azmi TopNews KAREENA WANTS A GOOD SAREE FROM SHIV SENA | Kareena Kapoor, Tamil Movie Actor ...௯டல் - 2 hours ago Your Source of Information for Tamil Cinema : Koodal cinema brings you the latest tamil movie reviews, tamil movie news, tamil movie previews, tamil actor, ... We'll assess the damage later: SenaTimes of India - - Oct 23, 2009 MUMBAI: Stunned by the Shiv Sena's electoral reverses, the Thackerays are in no soul-searching mood, at least for now. "We will assess the Sena's ... Shiv Sena loses face in its power centre Hindustan Times Marathi people betrayed party, says Shiv Sena Expressindia.com Debacle likely to affect Sena Express Buzz Sena-BJP proposes Khadse as Leader of Oppn in Maharashtra assemblyTimes of India - Nov 9, 2009 PTI 10 November 2009, 12:41pm IST MUMBAI: The Opposition Shiv Sena-BJP has proposed the name of BJP leader Eknath Khadse as the new Leader of Opposition in ... BJP's Eknath Khadse is new leader of opposition in Maharashtra India Business Blog (blog) Eknath Khadse to be Leader of Opposition Sakaal Times Scoreboard: India vs. Sri Lanka, tea, Day 1, First TestGaea Times - 4 hours ago Shiv Sena takes on Sachin Tendulkar. No good can come of this. newsbuzzer Baba Ramdev's Haridwar based Patanjali Yogpeeth will felicitate Sachin Tendulkar ... Discontent brews in Sena in Thane districtTimes of India - Oct 27, 2009 THANE: Following the Shiv Sena's poll debacle, a debate has been stirred in the party's rank-and-file in Thane district, with the party being blamed for ... Shiv Sena utive President Uddhav Thackeray Addresses Media Daijiworld.com Sena moves to protect rural base as Raj closes inEconomic Times - Nov 1, 2009 MUMBAI: The recent assembly poll results showed the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) fast closing in on its chief rival Shiv Sena in major urban centres. ... Sena, MNS fume over Azmi's Hindi request Times of India 'We'll be more aggressive now' Hindustan Times Mumbai is for all Indians, says 'proud Marathi' TendulkarTimes of India - Nov 13, 2009 MUMBAI: India's batting maestro Sachin Tendulkar rebutted the 'Marathi Manoos' brand of politics of the Shiv Sena and the Maharastra Navnirman Sena (MNS), ... Sena-BJP sets DF a 24-hour deadlineTimes of India - - Nov 4, 2009 MUMBAI: The opposition Shiv Sena-BJP combine set on Wednesday a 24-hour deadline for the Congress-led Democratic Front (DF) to form a government in the ... Chavan out to 'fulfil' Sena-BJP promise Daily News & Analysis BJP, Shiv Sena demand President's rule in Maharashtra India Business Blog (blog) 'I never said Maharashtrians stabbed Shiv Sena in the back'Daily News & Analysis - - Nov 5, 2009 Shiv Sena leader Bal Thackeray on Thursday said he did not write the infamous editorial in Saamna on October 24 which said: "I never expected that the ... Thackeray Sr retakes party reins Times of India Thackeray steps out, says don't care if anyone quits Sena Indian Express A move to revive politics of regional identity Economic Times On results-eve, Maharashtra parties scouting for rebels' supportTimes of India - Oct 21, 2009 The odds seemed to favour the ruling Congress-NCP combine over the Shiv Sena-BJP, but managers in both camps were scouting for rebel support in the event of ... Video: Pawar on his strong results  NDTV.com Vote counting today, Cong set for sweep Economic Times Shiv Sena appeal to celebrate Dev Deepawali traditionallyTimes of India - Oct 31, 2009 The Shiv Sena activists held a meeting at their Chowk office on Saturday to discuss the preparations for the Dev Deepawali festival (November 2). ... Raj Sena: First day, first showIndian Express - - Nov 9, 2009 The MNS general secretary had a long association with the Shiv Sena before joining the MNS in 2006. As a Shiv Sena candidate, he was elected the corporator ... MNS divided anti-incumbancy votes in Maharashtra Daily News & Analysis MNS aims to become largest party Daily News & Analysis Sena halts Thane toll collectionTimes of India - Nov 9, 2009 THANE: The Shiv Sena on Monday intensified its agitation against the road toll in Thane and briefly stopped collection on the Eastern Express Highway, ... Anarchy at Women's hospital continuesTimes of India - - Nov 9, 2009 GONDIA: Had a local Shiv Sena leader not acted in time, a woman would have delivered a baby at the gate of Bai Gangabai Hospital for Women (BGW) due to ... New Govt's First Session – Abu Azmi VS Shivsena Takes Centre StageDaijiworld.com - - Nov 11, 2009 Shivsena party workers burn the effigy of Samajwadi Party leader and MLA Abu Azmi as he shouts slogan against Shivsena in Vidhan Bhavan during the first day ... Mumbai probe fiasco: bad intelligence or poor media?DAWN.com - - 8 hours ago Kavita - Karkare's wife - had learnt from newspapers that leaders of RSS, BJP, VHP and Shiv Sena were trying all possible means to decelerate the pace of ... Sena's Kalyan district chief slapped after poll debacleTimes of India - Oct 29, 2009 THANE: The turmoil in the Shiv Sena in Thane district manifested itself in some violence on Thurdsay when the Kalyan district chief of the party Gopal ... Sena sings fatwa songMid-Day - - Nov 5, 2009 The Shiv Sena responded to the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind's fatwa against Vande Mataram by singing the national song at various places in the city yesterday. ... Jamiat's opposition to Vande Mataram stirs political row Indian Express NCP will never align with Shiv Sena-BJP: BhujbalPress Trust of India - Oct 29, 2009 Mumbai, Oct 29 (PTI) NCP Legislature party leader in Maharashtra Assembly Chhagan Bhujbal today said his party will never align with the Shiv Sena-BJP for ... Fight for ministries continues in Maharashtra India Today NCP-Cong power-sharing talks end in deadlock IBNLive.com |
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Shiv Sena had not recovered from the sufferings of the Lok Sabha elections when came another shocker for the party. Maharashtra assembly results were more than insulting for a party like Shiv Sena that had managed to keep its hold intact in Maharashtra. MNS is said to have been the cause of Shiv Sena's loss in at least 28 constituencies, plus the 13 seats that MNS won and the scenario would have been different if Raj would have been with Shiv Sena adding another five to seven seats to Shiv Sena's account. So, the sum total would have been somewhere close to 90.Yes, Shiv Sena and Bharatiya Janata Party could have had a chance of coming to power and keep the Congress-National Communist Party alliance from their hat trick. But what happened was a nightmare for Shiv Sena.
Like any other party, Shiv Sena was searching for that one opportunity to show it to the people that the Marathi manoos agenda is still its property. And, none other than the master blaster was its first target.
Sachin completed 20 years of cricket. A pride to all Indians, this God of cricket said that he plays for India, not for Maharashtra or Mumbai...said that he is proud of being a Maharashtrian and a Mumbaikar, but is an Indian first…and said that Mumbai is for all.
For us, it is perfectly fine, isn't it?
But for Shiv Sena, who was just searching for a chance to show its presence, this was the golden opportunity. Bal Thackeray, the chief of Shiv Sena advised Sachin not to lose what he has achieved on the cricket pitch in an attempt of playing on the political pitch. 'Stay out of political conflicts' is what Bal Thackeray means.
This agenda of fighting for Marathi manoos is now taking a weird turn in which one can see people fighting with Marathi manoos himself. Against whom is this war being called up? And for whom?
Both these political parties might or might not gain what they want out of this agenda, but the Marathi manoos is not gaining anything for sure.
Post WUS, 'Kurbaan' faces the music of Shiv SenaExpressindia.com - 9 hours ago This issue paved the way to more than 100 Shiv Sainiks as they came out on the streets and tore apart the posters of the said film, in the areas of Juhu, ... Shiv Sena decides to clothe Kareena in a saree Total Filmy Shiv Sena vs CricketHindustan Times - 6 hours ago 2006: Nearly 60 activists of the Shiv Sena were arrested in Mohali, as they protested close to the venue of the ICC Champions Trophy match between Pakistan ... Kareena wants a pretty sari, Sena says they can send moreDaily News & Analysis - - Nov 14, 2009 Bollywood actress Kareena Kapoor has shot back at the Shiv Sena who recently targeted the actress' bare back shots in her upcoming film Kurbaan, ... Is Shiv Sena listening? Kareena wants a beautiful saree Press Trust of India Maharashtra BJP distances itself from Sena critical articleDaily News & Analysis - Nov 15, 2009 ... from an article published in an in-house party journal making critical analysis of its partner Shiv Sena's poor performance in the Assembly elections. ... Pick of The Week Financial Express Former carpet boy as new 'carpetbagger' Indian Express A sad day for Indian democracyTimes of India - Nov 13, 2009 In an opinion piece in the same paper on that day, Meena Menon brings up the history of parochialism in Maharashtrian politics, citing the Shiv Sena's drive ... Robbers flee with valuables worth Rs 40 lakhTimes of India - - 12 hours ago Newly-elected Shiv Sena MLA Sanjay Gawande met the family members of the victims and directed the police officials to arrest the culprits immediately. ... Kareena's bare-back poster irks Shiv SenaEconomic Times - Nov 13, 2009 MUMBAI: Another Karan Johar release is facing the music, this time from Shiv Sena. The party has objected to the bare-backed posters of Kareena Kapoor from ... Sena threatens to stop screening of Kurbaan Daily News & Analysis Kurbaan posters draw Shiv Sena's ire BollyPatrika.com (blog) 'Sena overestimated its strength in Maharashtra'Press Trust of India - Nov 13, 2009 Mumbai, Nov 14 (PTI) In what could strain its ties with ally Shiv Sena, an article in the state house journal of BJP has said the Sena's strength in ... Sena overestimated its strength in Maharashtra: BJP journal Hindustan Times Shiv Sena men would have made 'tandoori' of Azmi: Bal ThackeraySify - Nov 10, 2009 Shiv Sena chief Bal Thackeray has held Samajwadi Party leader Abu Asim Azmi 'responsible' for Monday's mayhem in the Maharashtra assembly and said his party ... Parties, except Shiv Sena, attack MNS Financial Express Sena's 'toning down' complete, only sermons for Azmi Hindustan Times Now, it's Shiv Sena's turn The Hindu BJP journal says Sena overstated its strengthDaily News & Analysis - - Nov 12, 2009 An article published in the state Bharatiya Janata Party's house journal Manogat may lead to a new controversy over its relations with the Shiv Sena. ... Sena, MNS team up against Azmi Indian Express Inquiry ordered against Azmi TopNews KAREENA WANTS A GOOD SAREE FROM SHIV SENA | Kareena Kapoor, Tamil Movie Actor ...௯டல் - 2 hours ago Your Source of Information for Tamil Cinema : Koodal cinema brings you the latest tamil movie reviews, tamil movie news, tamil movie previews, tamil actor, ... We'll assess the damage later: SenaTimes of India - - Oct 23, 2009 MUMBAI: Stunned by the Shiv Sena's electoral reverses, the Thackerays are in no soul-searching mood, at least for now. "We will assess the Sena's ... Shiv Sena loses face in its power centre Hindustan Times Marathi people betrayed party, says Shiv Sena Expressindia.com Debacle likely to affect Sena Express Buzz Sena-BJP proposes Khadse as Leader of Oppn in Maharashtra assemblyTimes of India - Nov 9, 2009 PTI 10 November 2009, 12:41pm IST MUMBAI: The Opposition Shiv Sena-BJP has proposed the name of BJP leader Eknath Khadse as the new Leader of Opposition in ... BJP's Eknath Khadse is new leader of opposition in Maharashtra India Business Blog (blog) Eknath Khadse to be Leader of Opposition Sakaal Times Scoreboard: India vs. Sri Lanka, tea, Day 1, First TestGaea Times - 4 hours ago Shiv Sena takes on Sachin Tendulkar. No good can come of this. newsbuzzer Baba Ramdev's Haridwar based Patanjali Yogpeeth will felicitate Sachin Tendulkar ... Discontent brews in Sena in Thane districtTimes of India - Oct 27, 2009 THANE: Following the Shiv Sena's poll debacle, a debate has been stirred in the party's rank-and-file in Thane district, with the party being blamed for ... Shiv Sena utive President Uddhav Thackeray Addresses Media Daijiworld.com Sena moves to protect rural base as Raj closes inEconomic Times - Nov 1, 2009 MUMBAI: The recent assembly poll results showed the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS) fast closing in on its chief rival Shiv Sena in major urban centres. ... Sena, MNS fume over Azmi's Hindi request Times of India 'We'll be more aggressive now' Hindustan Times Mumbai is for all Indians, says 'proud Marathi' TendulkarTimes of India - Nov 13, 2009 MUMBAI: India's batting maestro Sachin Tendulkar rebutted the 'Marathi Manoos' brand of politics of the Shiv Sena and the Maharastra Navnirman Sena (MNS), ... Sena-BJP sets DF a 24-hour deadlineTimes of India - - Nov 4, 2009 MUMBAI: The opposition Shiv Sena-BJP combine set on Wednesday a 24-hour deadline for the Congress-led Democratic Front (DF) to form a government in the ... Chavan out to 'fulfil' Sena-BJP promise Daily News & Analysis BJP, Shiv Sena demand President's rule in Maharashtra India Business Blog (blog) 'I never said Maharashtrians stabbed Shiv Sena in the back'Daily News & Analysis - - Nov 5, 2009 Shiv Sena leader Bal Thackeray on Thursday said he did not write the infamous editorial in Saamna on October 24 which said: "I never expected that the ... Thackeray Sr retakes party reins Times of India Thackeray steps out, says don't care if anyone quits Sena Indian Express A move to revive politics of regional identity Economic Times On results-eve, Maharashtra parties scouting for rebels' supportTimes of India - Oct 21, 2009 The odds seemed to favour the ruling Congress-NCP combine over the Shiv Sena-BJP, but managers in both camps were scouting for rebel support in the event of ... Video: Pawar on his strong results NDTV.com Vote counting today, Cong set for sweep Economic Times Shiv Sena appeal to celebrate Dev Deepawali traditionallyTimes of India - Oct 31, 2009 The Shiv Sena activists held a meeting at their Chowk office on Saturday to discuss the preparations for the Dev Deepawali festival (November 2). ... Raj Sena: First day, first showIndian Express - - Nov 9, 2009 The MNS general secretary had a long association with the Shiv Sena before joining the MNS in 2006. As a Shiv Sena candidate, he was elected the corporator ... MNS divided anti-incumbancy votes in Maharashtra Daily News & Analysis MNS aims to become largest party Daily News & Analysis Sena halts Thane toll collectionTimes of India - Nov 9, 2009 THANE: The Shiv Sena on Monday intensified its agitation against the road toll in Thane and briefly stopped collection on the Eastern Express Highway, ... Anarchy at Women's hospital continuesTimes of India - - Nov 9, 2009 GONDIA: Had a local Shiv Sena leader not acted in time, a woman would have delivered a baby at the gate of Bai Gangabai Hospital for Women (BGW) due to ... New Govt's First Session – Abu Azmi VS Shivsena Takes Centre StageDaijiworld.com - - Nov 11, 2009 Shivsena party workers burn the effigy of Samajwadi Party leader and MLA Abu Azmi as he shouts slogan against Shivsena in Vidhan Bhavan during the first day ... Mumbai probe fiasco: bad intelligence or poor media?DAWN.com - - 8 hours ago Kavita - Karkare's wife - had learnt from newspapers that leaders of RSS, BJP, VHP and Shiv Sena were trying all possible means to decelerate the pace of ... Sena's Kalyan district chief slapped after poll debacleTimes of India - Oct 29, 2009 THANE: The turmoil in the Shiv Sena in Thane district manifested itself in some violence on Thurdsay when the Kalyan district chief of the party Gopal ... Sena sings fatwa songMid-Day - - Nov 5, 2009 The Shiv Sena responded to the Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind's fatwa against Vande Mataram by singing the national song at various places in the city yesterday. ... Jamiat's opposition to Vande Mataram stirs political row Indian Express NCP will never align with Shiv Sena-BJP: BhujbalPress Trust of India - Oct 29, 2009 Mumbai, Oct 29 (PTI) NCP Legislature party leader in Maharashtra Assembly Chhagan Bhujbal today said his party will never align with the Shiv Sena-BJP for ... Fight for ministries continues in Maharashtra India Today NCP-Cong power-sharing talks end in deadlock IBNLive.com |
Real place of Thackeray's statement is in dustbin: CongDaily News & Analysis - 10 minutes ago PTI New Delhi: Congress today rubbished Shiv Sena chief Bal Thackeray's criticism of Sachin Tendulkar, saying such statements should be dumped in dustbin. ... Thackeray criticises Sachin over 'Mumbai for all' remark Indian Express Lalu slams Bal Thackeray for criticising Tendulkar Press Trust of India Countering the MNS threatLivemint - 21 hours ago Bal Thackeray pioneered anti-outsider agitations in Mumbai in the mid-1960s, and his rebellious nephew is merely copying what the uncle did. ... 'It's not about Hindi per se. I won't salute a goonda' Times of India The language of politics TwoCircles.net Shiv Sena men would have made 'tandoori' of Azmi: Bal ThackeraySify - Nov 10, 2009 Shiv Sena chief Bal Thackeray has held Samajwadi Party leader Abu Asim Azmi 'responsible' for Monday's mayhem in the Maharashtra assembly and said his party ... Now Azmi takes on Bal Thackeray Hindustan Times We won't tolerate a word against Bal Thackeray: MNS Press Trust of India Thackeray Sr retakes party reinsTimes of India - - Nov 6, 2009 Little wonder, then, that Bal Thackeray warned the Sainiks against dissension. "Whoever wants to leave the Sena may please do so. But remember what happened ... I didn't pen the anti-Marathi manoos remark: Bal Thackeray Indian Express Who writes Saamna edits? No prizes for guessing Daily News & Analysis Abu Azmi targeted again, Shiv Sena stalls HouseHindu - - Nov 11, 2009 Incensed at his remarks against their leader Bal Thackeray, Sena members disrupted and stalled the proceedings in the Maharashtra Assembly on Wednesday, ... Sena, MNS team up against Azmi Indian Express Abu Azmi to face inquiry over 'Thackeray remarks' Mumbai Mirror Azmi offers truce, opens a fresh front Daily News & Analysis Bal Thackeray blames people for pushing state into 'hell'Hindustan Times - Oct 23, 2009 Upset over Shiv Sena's electoral debacle in Maharashtra, party chief Bal Thackeray said it was not "outsiders" but Maharashtrians themselves who had stabbed ... 'Growth of MNS must be checked' Times of India Fate of Janaki Ramachandran & Laxmi Parvati awaits Uddhav Economic Times Bal Thackeray slams 'Marathi Manoos', says 'Marathi Asmita' is dead BreakingNewsOnline. Maharashtra BJP distances itself from Sena critical articleDaily News & Analysis - Nov 15, 2009 BJP believes in the leadership of Sena supremo Bal Thackeray and we have to go ahead on the basis of our Hindutva ideology," Gadkari said. ... Uddhav defends Bal Thackeray's comments on Mumbaikars over poll defeatSify - Oct 26, 2009 Shiv Sena's Executive President Uddhav Thackeray on Monday defended party chief Bal Thackeray's recent remarks in an in-house editorial in which he blamed ... Uddhav defends Bal Thackeray's comments on Mumbaikars over poll defeat India Business Blog (blog) I still have guts to approach the people, says Uddhav Daily News & Analysis Sena overestimated its strength in Maharashtra: BJP journalHindustan Times - Nov 13, 2009 Sena chief Bal Thackeray has said that as there is a low tide, there will also be a high tide," Desai told PTI. "Shiv Sena has seen a lot of such highs and ... The return of RajHindustan Times - Nov 1, 2009 Till 1996, Raj was the man voted most likely to succeed Bal Thackeray. Then came the Ramesh Kini case. Kini, a Maharashtrian tenant of an old building in ... Azmi insists he'll take oath in Hindi Times of India Win by default Frontline |
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News results for Bal Thakre
AFPThackeray criticises Sachin over 'Mumbai for all' remark - 8 hours ago
Thackrey has lost the plotBy: Aneel | Monday , 16 Nov '09 17:12:14 PM Reply | Forward It seems the Thackreys Bal, Udhay and even Raj have lost all ...Indian Express - 394 related articles »
Bal Thackeray - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bal Thackeray was born to Keshav Sitaram Thackeray (also known as Prabodhankar Thackeray because of his articles in his fortnightly magazine named Prabodhan ...
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Maratha
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Castes of India | |
| Maratha | |
| Classification | Kshatriya, warrior, landlord |
| Religions | Hinduism |
| Language | Marathi, Kannada, Telugu, Tamil |
| Populated States | Maharashtra, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh |
Marāthā (Marathi: मराठा, also Mahratta) has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste or to the Maratha and Kunbi castes together; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people; historically, it describes the Maratha empire founded by Shivaji in the seventeenth century and continued by his successors, which included many castes.[1]
In 1798 Colonel Tone, who commanded a regiment of the Peshwa's army, wrote[2] of the Marāthas: "The three great tribes which compose the Marātha caste are the Kunbi or farmer, the Dhangar or shepherd, and the Gawli or cowherd; to this original cause may perhaps be ascribed that great simplicity of manner which distinguishes the Marātha people."[3]
The Maratha caste consists mainly of rural cultivators, landowners, and soldiers. At times, Maratha and Kunbi have claimed kshatriya standing, based on clan names linking them with Rajput clans and historical medieval dynasties.[1] In theory, there are ninety-six Maratha clans. The exact names of the ninety-six are greatly disputed, with different authorities giving names that vary widely. Adding to the confusion, Kunbi families often adopted the names of their Maratha chiefs.[4]
Contents[hide] |
[edit] Etymology
The etymology of the words "Marātha" and "Marāthi" is uncertain. It may be a derivative of the Prakrit word Marhatta found in Jain Maharashtri literature, itself from Sanskrit Maharāṣhṭra "great realm" (from maha "great" and rāṣṭra "nation, dominion, district"). One theory holds that a reference to a clan known as Rāṣṭrika in some of Ashoka's inscriptions alludes to a people of the Deccan who were progenitors of the Marathi-speaking people; that the later "Mahārāṣhṭri Prakrit" is associated with these people
Other theories link the words Marātha and Rāṣhṭri with Ratta, supposedly a corruption of Rāshtrakuta, the name of a dynasty that held sway over the Deccan from the 8th to 10th centuries.
All theories however affirm, as do linguists, that the modern Marathi language has developed from the Prakrit known as Mahārāshtri.
[edit] Maratha clans
According to some sources,[who?] most Marathas must belong to one of the 96 different clans, known as the "96 Kuli Marathas". The actual organization of this clan system is disputed in the popular culture and by historians. An authoritative listing was apparently first attempted in 1889 and a list finalised in 1956 by the Government of India.[citation needed]
[edit] History
[edit] Pre-1600s (before the rise of Shivaji Maharaj)
Pre-Shivaji Maharaj history of Maratha is unilluminated, however some clans were recognised among Maratha 96 Clans. All the Maratha clans and their subdivisions were serving non-Hindu kingdoms and infighting, but Rajmata Jijabai started a trend toward greater Maratha unity.
[edit] Maratha Empire
Different Maratha (also called as Rastriks or Maha-rathis or Mahrattas) rulers during Medieval period (before 12th century) include Satavahana and Rashtrakuta. They re-united into historical prominence under the leadership of Chhatrapati Shivaji in the 17th century. Shivaji Maharaj, born into the Bhosale clan of Marathas, secured an independent state by dint of lifelong struggle and thereby founded an empire, the remnants of which lasted until the independence of India in 1947. The state thus founded by Chhatrapati Shivaji attained its zenith under the Peshwas in the 18th century, extending from the Indus in present-day Pakistan to Orissa in the east and from the Punjab to central Karnataka in the south. The kingdom of Thanjavur in present-day Tamil Nadu was also ruled by a Maratha dynasty, albeit outside the ambit of the main Maratha Empire. At its peak, the Maratha Empire established a protectorate over the Mughal emperor and paramountcy over the numerous Rajput chieftains of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Central India and elsewhere. They had also brought the Punjab under their sway and ended Muslim rule there, setting the conditions for later Sikh control. This vast empire declined gradually after the third battle of Panipat (1761); by 1818, all of present-day India had fallen to the British East India Company.
[edit] Influence
The history of the states and dynasties comprising the Maratha Empire constitutes a major portion of the history of late medieval India. While that extensive history is detailed elsewhere, it is noteworthy that the rise of the Marathas:
- represented the revival of the political power of the Hindus in north India after many centuries of Muslim rule;
- prevented the spread of the Mughal Empire and associated Islamic culture to south India;
- led to the dilution of the caste system as a large number of Brahmins and other castes fought along with them.[5]
- was the primary cause of the decline of the Mughal Empire;
- led to the modernisation of India's armed forces, as they introduced indigenously designed and manufactured muskets (known as Gardi muskets)
- encouraged the development of the Marathi language and was seminal to the consolidation of a distinct Maharashtrian identity.[6]
[edit] Maratha dynasties and states
[edit] Transplanted Marathas
The empire also resulted in the voluntary relocation of substantial numbers of Maratha and other Marathi-speaking people outside Maharashtra, and across a big part of India. Thus, there are today several small but significant communities descended from these emigrants living in the north, south and west of India. These communities tend often to speak the languages of those areas, although many do also speak Marathi in addition.
[edit] Political participation
Marathas have dominated the state politics of Maharashtra since its inception in 1960. The first Chief Minister of Maharashtra was a Maratha (Yashwantrao Chavan). Since then, Maharashtra has witnessed heavy presence of Maratha community (which comprises 25% of the state population) and having more than 40% in the ministry, local municipal commissions, and panchayats.
[edit] Military service
The Maratha Light Infantry regiment of the Indian Army is one of the oldest and most influential regiments. Its First Battalion, also known as the Jangi Paltan, was raised as far back in 1768 as part of the Bombay Sepoys. The Marathas came to special attention in World War I and have been awarded up to and about 2 Ashok Chakra, 10 Param Vishisht Seva Medals, 4 Maha Vir Chakra, 4 Kirti Chakra, 1 ACCL II, 14 Ati Vishisht Seva Medals, 34 Vir Chakra, 18 Shaurya Chakra, 4 ACCL III, 4 Yudh Seva Medals, 107 Sena Medals, 1 Shaurya Chakra & Bar, 23 Vishisht Seva Medals, 1 Padma Bushan, 1 Arjun Award and 3 Unit Citations.
[edit] Notable Marathas
- Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj (1630-1680) - Founder of the Maratha Empire
- Chattrapati Sambhaji Maharaj - Son of Shivaji; Second Emperor of Maratha Empire; Dharmaveer.
- Punyaslok Rajmata Ahilyadevi Holkar - The queen of malwa region know for her justice and admisitration.
- Kanhoji Angre - Navy Supremo of Maratha who was on the side of Maharani Tarabai and was later convinced by Balaji Vishwanath Bhat to come over Shahu's side.
- Hambirrao Mohite - commander in chief also known as Sarnobat who took the side of Sambhaji even he is brother of Soyarabai and fought against Mughals
- Santaji Ghorpade - commander in chief who led the fight against the Mughal Empire.
- Madhavrao I Scindia - The strong Maratha man of Gwalior who ruled in north India. He led the marathas in Pune in the first Anglo Maratha war.
[edit] Politics
- Pratibha Patil, the first woman President of India
- Yashwantrao Chavan, former Deputy Prime Minister of India)
- Sharad Pawar, current agriculture minister of India
[edit] Writers
[edit] Actors
- Rajinikanth, (Shivaji Rao Gaekwad), one of the most influential movie stars in Indian cinema.
- Smita Patil, a former leading Indian Bollywood actress (1970 &'80s).
- Ritesh Deshmukh, a leading Indian Bollywood actor
[edit] Athletes
- Anshuman Gaekwad, former Indian cricketer and two-time Indian national cricket coach
- Khashaba Jadhav, India's first individual Olympic medalist when he won the wrestling bronze medal at the 1952 Helsinki Games
[edit] Military servicemen
- Naik Yashavantrao Ghadge, recipient of Victoria Cross
- Namdev Jadhav, recipient of Victoria Cross
[edit] See also
[edit] References
 | This article includes a list of references or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations where appropriate. (August 2009) |
- ^ a b "Maratha". Encyclopedia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2009. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/363851/Maratha.
- ^ Letter on the Marāthas (India Office Tracts).
- ^ The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India By R.V. Russell.Vol. IV. Macmillan and Co., Limited St. Martin's Street, London. 1916 •Marātha (Soldier, cultivator and service) Origin and position of the caste pg 198
- ^ O'Hanlon, Rosalind (2002). Caste, Conflict and Ideology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 17-18. ISBN 9780521523080 Length 344 pages. http://books.google.com/books?id=5kMrsTj1NeYC&pg=PA17.
- ^ The New Cambridge History of India, Volume 2, Part 4: The Marathas 1600-1818
- ^ The New Cambridge History of India, Volume 2, Part 4: The Marathas 1600-1818
[edit] Sources
- James Grant Duff - A History of the Mahrattas, 3 vols. London, Longmans, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green (1826) ISBN 8170209560
- Haplogroups of the Marathi people
- Molecular insight into the genesis of ranked caste populations of western India by Sonali Gaikwad and VK Kashyap
- Influence of language and ancestry on genetic structure of contiguous populations by Sanghamitra Sahoo and VK Kashyap
- Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists by Sengupta et al.
[edit] External links
- Information about Maratha Legends from Manase.org I
- http://www.gutenberg.org/files/20583/20583-8.txt
- The Maratha community
- The Maharajas of Thanjavur
- Maratha history
- "The Marathas" at Columbia Encyclopaedia
- J.T.Platt's Dictionary of Urdu, Hindi
- RoyalArk- (former British) India (here the Glossary page, see also individual dynasties)
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Maratha Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Maratha Empire (Marathi: मराठा साम्राज्य Marāṭhā Sāmrājya; also transliterated Mahratta) or the Maratha Confederacy was a Hindu state ...
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